Pathogenicity and virulence of Rickettsia

Rickettsiae include diverse Gram-negative microbial species that exhibit obligatory intracellular lifecycles between mammalian hosts and arthropod vectors. Human infections with arthropod-borne Rickettsia continue to cause significant morbidity and mortality as recent environmental changes foster the proliferation of arthropod vectors and increased exposure to humans. However, the technical difficulties in working with Rickettsia have delayed our progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in rickettsial pathogenesis and disease transmission. Recent advances in developing genetic tools for Rickettsia have enabled investigators to identify virulence genes, uncover molecular functions, and characterize host responses to rickettsial determinants. Therefore, continued efforts to determine virulence genes and their biological functions will help us understand the underlying mechanisms associated with arthropod-borne rickettsioses.

Automated summary

Rickettsiae are Gram-negative microbial species that have an obligatory intracellular lifecycle between mammalian hosts and arthropod vectors. Infections caused by arthropod-borne Rickettsia continue to be a significant public health concern due to environmental changes and increased exposure to humans. However, the technical difficulties in studying Rickettsia have hindered our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in rickettsial pathogenesis and disease transmission. Recent advances in genetic tools for Rickettsia have allowed researchers to identify virulence genes, uncover molecular functions, and investigate host responses to rickettsial determinants. Therefore, ongoing efforts to identify virulence genes and their biological functions will enhance our understanding of the underlying mechanisms associated with arthropod-borne rickettsioses.