Numerical assessment of freezing of water in existence of nanoparticles inside container

In this article, utilizing curved wall for container and dispersing nanoparticles were utilized as method of promotion of efficacy of system. Container has two cold surfaces with shapes elliptic and sinusoidal. So, ice front has close curved form during the freezing. Alumina nanoparticles with three sizes have been exploited and efficacies of diameter of powders were involved. Galerkin's approach for modeling the present problem has good accuracy and utilizing an adaptive grid may be one reason for such accuracy. As nanoparticle is added to the water, the requested time declines by 41.26%. The highest impact of concentration belongs to particles with a radius of 20 nm. Given phi = 0.04, as the diameter of particles alters from minimum to maximum values, the freezing time firstly declines about 20.01% then it increases around 49.3%.

Automated summary

This article investigates the use of curved walls and dispersed nanoparticles to improve system efficiency. The research finds that adding nanoparticles to water can reduce freezing time, with the highest concentration impact coming from particles with a radius of 20 nm.