Pathological and ATR-FTIR spectral changes of delayed splenic rupture and medical significance

Traumatic delayed splenic rupture often follows by a latent period without typical symptoms after injury. During this period, though there are no obvious symptoms, the injury is still present and changing. In this study, we constructed an SD rat model of delayed splenic rupture; evaluated the model by HE staining, Perl's staining, Masson trichrome staining and immunohistochemical staining; observed the pathological changes of spleen tissue in delayed splenic rupture at different times after splenic injury; we found that pathological change of injured tissues were different from non-injured, and has phases-change patterns, it can be roughly divided into three phases: 2-7 d, 10-14 d, and 18-28.We then inves-tigated the relationship between the pathological changes and FTIR spectroscopy by chemometric meth-ods. The main distinction of injured and non-injured tissue was the protein secondary structure of amide I, and the main distinctions of different phases of delayed splenic rupture were protein secondary struc-tures and content of amide I and amide II.A classification model developed by SVM-DA was used to infer three phases (2-7 days, 10-12 days and 14-28 days). According to the most probable class, the accuracy of external validation is 96.7%. The results indicate that FTIR spectroscopy combined with various types of pathological staining has a potential for forensic identification and can provide theoretical support and diagnostic reference on clinical persistent injury. (C) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

In this study, a rat model of delayed splenic rupture was constructed and evaluated using various staining techniques. The pathological changes of spleen tissue at different times after splenic injury were observed, and the relationship between these changes and FTIR spectroscopy was investigated. The results showed that injured tissues had different protein secondary structures compared to non-injured tissues, and different phases of delayed splenic rupture could be distinguished by protein secondary structures and the content of amide I and amide II. A classification model based on SVM-DA accurately inferred the phases of splenic rupture. These findings suggest that FTIR spectroscopy combined with pathological staining techniques has the potential for forensic identification and can provide diagnostic support for clinical persistent injuries.