期刊
SMALL
卷 18, 期 42, 页码 -出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/smll.202203874
关键词
aqueous binders; ionic liquid electrolytes; lithium batteries; lithium metal; Ni-rich cathodes
类别
资金
- Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC)
- Helmholtz Association
- German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) within the LILLINT project [03XP0225D]
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korea government (MSIT) [NRF-2020R1A2C2009057, NRF-2021R1A4A200168711]
- Projekt DEAL
This article introduces a method of using water-soluble materials in lithium battery manufacturing to avoid environmental impact. By utilizing water-soluble binders and phosphate coatings, high-performance and cycling stability of the electrodes are achieved in both conventional organic electrolyte and ionic liquid electrolyte.
Lithium batteries occupy the large-scale electric mobility market raising concerns about the environmental impact of cell production, especially regarding the use of poly(vinylidene difluoride) (teratogenic) and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP, harmful). To avoid their use, an aqueous electrode processing route is utilized in which a water-soluble hybrid acrylic-fluoropolymer together with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is used as binder, and a thin phosphate coating layer is in situ formed on the surface of the nickel-rich cathode during electrode processing. The resulting electrodes achieve a comparable performance to that of NMP-based electrodes in conventional organic carbonate-based electrolyte (LP30). Subsequently, an ionic liquid electrolyte (ILE) is employed to replace the organic electrolyte, building stable electrode/electrolyte interphases on the surface of the nickel-rich positive electrode (cathode) and metallic lithium negative electrode (anode). In such ILE, the aqueously processed electrodes achieve high cycling stability with a capacity retention of 91% after 1000 cycles (20 degrees C). In addition, a high capacity of more than 2.5 mAh cm(-2) is achieved for high loading electrodes (approximate to 15 mg cm(-2)) by using a modified ILE with 5% vinylene carbonate additive. A path to achieve environmentally friendly electrode manufacturing while maintaining their outstanding performance and structural integrity is demonstrated.
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