4.6 Article

Impact of Skin on Microwave Tomography in the Lossy Coupling Medium

期刊

SENSORS
卷 22, 期 19, 页码 -

出版社

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/s22197353

关键词

microwave imaging; breast cancer; finite element; finite difference time domain; skin effect; skin thickness

资金

  1. NIH [R01 CA24076]

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This paper investigates the effects of skin on breast imaging and finds that the impact of skin is minor when using transmission-based measurement data and lossy coupling materials.
In microwave imaging, the effects of skin on recovering property distributions of tissue underneath the surface may be significant because it has high dielectric contrast with subcutaneous fat, which inevitably causes significant signal reflections. While the thickness of skin, especially relative to the wavelengths in use, would presumably have minor effects, it can introduce practical difficulties, for instance, in reflection-based imaging techniques, where the impact of the skin is large-often as high as two orders of magnitude greater than that of signals from underlying tumors in the breast imaging setting. However, in tomography cases utilizing transmission-based measurement data and lossy coupling materials, the situation is considerably different. Accurately implementing a skin layer for numerical modeling purposes is challenging because of the need to discretize the size and shape of the skin without increasing computational overhead substantially. In this paper, we assess the effects of the skin on field solutions in a realistic 3D model of a human breast. We demonstrate that the small changes in transmission field values introduced by including the skin cause minor differences in reconstructed images.

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