TiO2 based Photocatalysis membranes: An efficient strategy for pharmaceutical mineralization

Among the various emerging contaminants, pharmaceuticals (PhACs) seem to have adverse effects on the quality of water. Even the smallest concentration of PhACs in ground water and drinking water is harmful to humans and aquatic species. Among all the deaths reported due to COVID-19, the mortality rate was higher for those patients who con-sumed antibiotics. Consequently, PhAC in water is a serious concern and their removal needs immediate attention. This study has focused on the PhACs' degradation by collaborating photocatalysis with membrane filtration. TiO2-based photocatalytic membrane is an innovative strategy which demonstrates mineralization of PhACs as a safer op-tion. To highlight the same, an emphasis on the preparation and reinforcing properties of TiO2-based nanomembranes has been elaborated in this review. Further, mineralization of antibiotics or cytostatic compounds and their degradation mechanisms is also highlighted using TiO2 assisted membrane photocatalysis. Experimental reactor configurations have been discussed for commercial implementation of photoreactors for PhAC degradation anchored photocatalytic nanomembranes. Challenges and future perspectives are emphasized in order to design a nanomembrane based prototype in future for wastewater management.

Automated summary

Pharmaceutical contaminants have adverse effects on water quality, posing a threat to humans and aquatic species. This study focuses on the degradation of pharmaceuticals through the combination of photocatalysis and membrane filtration. The use of TiO2-based photocatalytic membranes offers a safer option for mineralization of pharmaceuticals. The review emphasizes the importance of preparation and reinforcing properties of TiO2-based nanomembranes, as well as the mechanisms of degradation using TiO2-assisted membrane photocatalysis.