A review of multifunctional applications of nanofluids in solar energy

Nanotechnology is developing rapidly, the research on nanofluids is becoming more and more mature. Due to the excellent physical and spectral properties of nanofluids, their multifunctional applications require specialized studies to enhance the comprehensive performance of hybrid systems. In this paper, the research status of nanofluid-driven multifunctional systems in solar energy is reviewed systematically, including photovoltaic/ thermal systems, lighting/heating systems, desalination-related hybrid systems, and thermal energy storage (TES)-related hybrid systems. It can be concluded that the selective absorption properties of nanofluids can be exploited to realize multifunctional applications in different bands of the solar spectrum, and the superior physical properties of nanofluids enable them to exhibit better performance than common fluids in hybrid systems. Extensive research is still needed to optimize the systems while improving the long-term stability of nanofluids so as to play a greater role in multifunctional applications.

Automated summary

Nanofluids with excellent physical and spectral properties have the potential for multifunctional applications in solar energy systems. This paper reviews the research status of nanofluid-driven multifunctional systems, highlighting their selective absorption properties in different bands of the solar spectrum and superior performance compared to common fluids in hybrid systems. Further research is needed to optimize the systems and improve the long-term stability of nanofluids for greater impact in multifunctional applications.