Epidemiological, virological and serological investigation of a SARS-CoV-2 outbreak (Alpha variant) in a primary school: A prospective longitudinal study

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Individual prevention and containment measures in schools in Catalonia, Spain, and community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 after school re-opening

Sergio Alonso et al.

Summary: The reopening of schools in Catalonia appeared to be safe and the preventive measures in place were effective in detecting and containing transmission. The risk of transmission within schools was found to be relatively low.

PLOS ONE (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Viral infection and transmission in a large, well-traced outbreak caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant

Baisheng Li et al.

Summary: This article reports the first local transmission of the Delta variant in mainland China. Compared to A/B lineage infections during the first wave in China in early 2020, Delta infections had viral loads that were on average about 1000 times greater when they first tested positive, suggesting potentially faster viral replication and greater infectiousness during early infection. The transmission bottleneck size of the Delta variant was generally narrow, with 1-3 virions in most donor-recipient transmission pairs. However, transmission of minor intra-host variants resulted in at least 3 of the 34 substitutions identified in the outbreak, highlighting the contribution of intra-host variants to population-level viral diversity during rapid spread.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Immunology

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Transmission in a Georgia School District-United States, December 2020-January 2021

Jenna R. Gettings et al.

Summary: This study assessed the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a Georgia school district. The results showed that indoor sports activities, staff meetings/lunches, and elementary school classrooms were high-risk environments for transmission, and staff members and symptomatic index cases were more likely to cause transmission. Preventing staff infections and conducting contact tracing are critical to reducing in-school transmission.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Immunology

High Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Household Transmission Rates Detected by Dense Saliva Sampling

Lisa M. Kolodziej et al.

Summary: By utilizing repeated saliva self-sampling combined with nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs and serology, this study reveals the highest SARS-CoV-2 transmission rates within households to date. The findings underscore the significant role of households in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and highlight the potential of salivary sampling for infection control in this setting.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Immunology

Novel Coronavirus 2019 Transmission Risk in Educational Settings

Chee Fu Yung et al.

Summary: Children are not the primary drivers of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in schools, which could inform strategies for lifting lockdown measures.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Immunology

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Transmission Dynamics Should Inform Policy

Muge Cevik et al.

Summary: Understanding how the virus is transmitted is crucial in identifying high-risk environments and activities for effective preventative measures implementation. Contact tracing and household studies provide robust evidence about transmission parameters. Transmission dynamics should guide policy decisions to target interventions to settings, activities, and socioeconomic factors with the highest risks of transmission.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Review Immunology

A Meta-analysis on the Role of Children in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Household Transmission Clusters

Yanshan Zhu et al.

Summary: The role of children in the spread of SARS-CoV-2 remains controversial, with studies showing lower transmission rates when children are index cases and lower secondary attack rates in pediatric household contacts compared to adults. These findings have implications for COVID-19 management and potential vaccine prioritization strategies.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Infectious Diseases

Minimal transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from paediatric COVID-19 cases in primary schools, Norway, August to November 2020

Lin T. Brandal et al.

Summary: A study in Norwegian primary schools found minimal child-to-child and child-to-adult transmission of SARS-CoV-2 with preventive measures in place, supporting the idea that children under 14 are not the main drivers of virus transmission.

EUROSURVEILLANCE (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Infectious Diseases

SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission in educational settings: a prospective, cross-sectional analysis of infection clusters and outbreaks in England

Sharif A. Ismail et al.

Summary: This study estimated the rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection and outbreaks among staff and students in educational settings in England during the summer half-term of 2020, finding that infections and outbreaks were uncommon in educational settings, but strongly associated with regional COVID-19 incidence. The results emphasize the importance of controlling community transmission to protect educational settings, with interventions focusing on reducing transmission among staff.

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Pediatrics

Low In-School COVID-19 Transmission and Asymptomatic Infection Despite High Community Prevalence

Sophie E. Katz et al.

Summary: Despite high community prevalence of COVID-19, low rates of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection and minimal in-school transmission were found when physical distancing and masking strategies were enforced in schools.

JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Pediatrics

COVID-19 Infections Among Students and Staff in New York City Public Schools

Jay K. Varma et al.

Summary: The study found that in-person learning in NYC public schools was not associated with increased prevalence or incidence overall of COVID-19 infection compared with the general community. The analysis included COVID-19 incidence, prevalence, and secondary transmission among students and staff in NYC public schools.

PEDIATRICS (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Environmental Sciences

SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Risk Perception, Behaviour, and Preventive Measures at Schools in Berlin, Germany, during the Early Post-Lockdown Phase: A Cross-Sectional Study

Franziska Hommes et al.

Summary: This study was conducted during a period of low COVID-19 incidence in Berlin, Germany, and found individual cases of infection and antibodies levels. It also observed increased screen time and reduced physical activity among students, but relatively low fear of infection and risk perception, with high acceptance of adapted health behaviors.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Biochemical Research Methods

The role of children in the spread of COVID-19: Using household data from Bnei Brak, Israel, to estimate the relative susceptibility and infectivity of children

Itai Dattner et al.

PLoS Computational Biology (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Infectious Diseases

SARS-CoV-2 infection in schools in a northern French city: a retrospective serological cohort study in an area of high transmission, France, January to April 2020

Arnaud Fontanet et al.

Summary: The study conducted in schools in northern France suggests that children may play an important role in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, with viral circulation identified in many schools. Enhanced control measures and surveillance in schools are needed to reduce the risk of transmission.

EUROSURVEILLANCE (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies Among Children in School and Day Care in Montreal, Canada

Kate Zinszer et al.

Summary: This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in children and teenagers in 4 neighborhoods of Montreal, Canada. The results indicate a higher level of transmission in children compared to what was detected by RT-PCR, with most cases experiencing mild or no symptoms.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 After COVID-19 Screening and Mitigation Measures for Primary School Children Attending School in Liege, Belgium

Christelle Meuris et al.

Summary: Recent data suggest a relatively low incidence of COVID-19 among children, but this prospective cohort study in a primary school found that the incidence of COVID-19 among children attending primary school was comparable to that observed among teachers and parents. Most transmission events were found to have originated from within the school, highlighting the need for additional measures to reduce transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in school settings.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A high-throughput microfluidic nanoimmunoassay for detecting anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in serum or ultralow-volume blood samples

Zoe Swank et al.

Summary: A novel microfluidic nanoimmunoassay technology has been developed for high-throughput detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in human blood samples, showing high specificity and sensitivity. Using two commercial devices and a blood glucose test strip, a low-cost and ultralow-volume whole blood sampling method without the need for venipuncture has been successfully achieved. This technology is expected to be applicable to current and future SARS-CoV-2 related serological studies.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Pilot Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 Secondary Transmission in Kindergarten Through Grade 12 Schools Implementing Mitigation Strategies - St. Louis County and City of Springfield, Missouri, December 2020

Patrick Dawson et al.

MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Low SARS-CoV-2 Transmission in Elementary Schools - Salt Lake County, Utah, December 3, 2020-January 31, 2021

Rebecca B. Hershow et al.

MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Pediatrics

Surveillance of Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infections in School Children and Point-Prevalence During a Time of High Community Transmission in Switzerland

Susi Kriemler et al.

Summary: In a high-incidence setting of SARS-CoV-2 infections, the spread of the virus within schools was found to be very low. Schools with protective measures in place, such as prompt contact tracing and individual quarantines, appear to be safe. The specificity of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) used in the study needs further evaluation for their suitability in school settings.

FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Simulation-Based Estimation of SARS-CoV-2 Infections Associated With School Closures and Community-Based Nonpharmaceutical Interventions in Ontario, Canada

David Naimark et al.

Summary: This study of a synthetic population in Ontario, Canada, found that most COVID-19 cases in schools were acquired in the community rather than transmitted within schools, and the changes in COVID-19 case numbers associated with school reopenings were relatively small compared to community-based nonpharmaceutical interventions.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Infectious Diseases

SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 susceptibility and infectiousness of children and adults deduced from investigations of childcare centre outbreaks, Germany, 2021

Anna Loenenbach et al.

Summary: The investigation of three SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 childcare centre and related household outbreaks revealed similar secondary attack rates (SAR) among children and adults, suggesting a convergence in susceptibility and infectiousness between the two groups. This indicates a need to revisit public health measures accordingly.

EUROSURVEILLANCE (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Infectious Diseases

SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission in school settings during the second COVID-19 wave: a cross-sectional study, Berlin, Germany, November 2020

Stefanie Theuring et al.

Summary: The study found that during the COVID-19 pandemic, the infection rate of SARS-CoV-2 in schools was relatively low, but there were cases of infection in individual classes and households. Infections among students may be related to inconsistent facemask use, walking to school, and contacts outside of school.

EUROSURVEILLANCE (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Microbiology

Diagnostic Accuracy of SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Antigen Detection Testing in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Children in the Clinical Setting

Arnaud G. L'Huillier et al.

Summary: The study evaluated the diagnostic performance of antigen-based rapid diagnostic tests in children, showing a certain sensitivity but with variations in different scenarios, and overall sensitivity below the recommended level by the World Health Organization.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Diagnostic accuracy of Panbio rapid antigen tests on oropharyngeal swabs for detection of SARS-CoV-2

Marie Therese Ngo Nsoga et al.

Summary: In a high incidence setting in Switzerland, the study showed that using Panbio COVID-19 Ag Rapid Test on oropharyngeal swabs, if conducted by trained individuals and meeting quality standards, can meet the WHO criteria for Ag-RDTs (sensitivity >= 80% and specificity >= 97%).

PLOS ONE (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Estimating infectiousness throughout SARS-CoV-2 infection course

Terry C. Jones et al.

Summary: In a study of SARS-CoV-2 cases in Germany, it was found that younger subjects had lower viral loads but higher cell culture replication probabilities compared to older subjects. Additionally, 8% of subjects had viral loads above 10(9) copies per swab, with a third of them being presymptomatic, asymptomatic, or mildly symptomatic individuals with a mean age of 37.6 years. The B.1.1.7 lineage infections had a higher viral load and cell culture replication probability than non-B.1.1.7 subjects.

SCIENCE (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Variation in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence across districts, schools and classes: baseline measurements from a cohort of primary and secondary school children in Switzerland

Agne Ulyte et al.

Summary: The study found that by the end of June 2020, the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in children was low in the canton of Zurich, Switzerland, with variations across different grades and schools. The seroprevalence in children was similar to that in adults, and the ratio of diagnosed cases to seropositive cases was very low in children.

BMJ OPEN (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Pediatrics

Association of Age and Pediatric Household Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Lauren A. Paul et al.

Summary: This study suggests that younger children, especially those aged 0 to 3 years, may have a higher risk of transmitting SARS-CoV-2 compared to older children. The differential infectivity of pediatric age groups has implications for infection prevention strategies within households and educational settings. Further population-based studies are needed to fully understand the transmission risk posed by younger pediatric index cases.

JAMA PEDIATRICS (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Outbreak Associated with SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 (Delta) Variant in an Elementary School — Marin County, California, May–June 2021

Tracy Lam-Hine et al.

MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Pediatrics

SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission in primary schools in England in June-December, 2020 (sKIDs): an active, prospective surveillance study

Shamez N. Ladhani et al.

Summary: This study in England found low SARS-CoV-2 infection rates in primary schools following their partial and full reopening in June and September 2020. Infections were rare among staff and students, with similar seropositivity rates as the local community. Staff contact with students or school attendance during lockdown did not significantly influence seropositivity. Seroconversion rates were also low among participants who were initially seronegative.

LANCET CHILD & ADOLESCENT HEALTH (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and clusters in school children from June 2020 to April 2021: prospective cohort study Ciao Corona

Agne Ulyte et al.

Summary: The study found that although the proportion of seropositive children increased from 1.5% in June-July 2020 to 16.4% in March-April 2021, few infections were likely associated with potential spread within schools, with significant clustering of seropositive children observed only in the lower school level in March-April 2021.

SWISS MEDICAL WEEKLY (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Review Medicine, General & Internal

The role of children and adolescents in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a rapid review

Margarethe Wiedenmann et al.

Summary: Children and adolescents usually present with mild disease, with few requiring intensive care treatment. Children and adolescents can acquire and transmit SARS-CoV-2, with the risks increasing with age. Further investigation is needed on the role of children and adolescents in SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and transmission, particularly regarding variants of concern.

SWISS MEDICAL WEEKLY (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Pediatrics

School in Italy: a safe place for children and adolescents

Alberto Villani et al.

Summary: The study conducted in two school complexes in Rome showed that the implemented prevention measures inside the school buildings effectively reduced virus transmission, indicating that schools do not amplify the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and can be considered a safe environment for students.

ITALIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Infectious Diseases