Low rate of SARS-CoV-2 incident infection identified by weekly screening PCR in a prospective year-long cohort study

Article Immunology

High Infection Secondary Attack Rates of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Dutch Households Revealed by Dense Sampling

Daphne F. M. Reukers et al.

Summary: This study in the Netherlands examined household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and found higher infection secondary attack rates than previous studies. Children were shown to be less susceptible than adults.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Feasibility of SARS-CoV-2 Surveillance Testing Among Children and Childcare Workers at German Day Care Centers A Nonrandomized Controlled Trial

Johannes Forster et al.

Summary: The study conducted surveillance for SARS- CoV-2 in 9 German day care centers was feasible and well accepted. Mathematical modeling estimated that testing can minimize the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in day care centers.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2022)

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Editorial Material Medicine, General & Internal

Efficiency decreases

Halane Vaillant-Roussel et al.

EXERCER-LA REVUE FRANCOPHONE DE MEDECINE GENERALE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Validation of a rapid, saliva-based, and ultra-sensitive SARS-CoV-2 screening system for pandemic-scale infection surveillance

Robert E. Dewhurst et al.

Summary: This article presents an automated, high-throughput screening platform for sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in infectious carriers using saliva samples. The Sentinel testing instrument, with a reporting time of 25 minutes and a throughput of up to 3840 results per hour, has been independently validated and found to have a sensitivity of 98.7%, specificity of 97.6%, and accuracy of 98% when compared to a RT-PCR comparator assay.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2022)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Duration of effectiveness of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease: results of a systematic review and meta-regression

Daniel R. Feikin et al.

Summary: This study systematically reviewed the duration of protection provided by COVID-19 vaccines against various clinical outcomes. The findings indicate that the effectiveness or efficacy of the vaccines decreased from 1 to 6 months after full vaccination, but remained high against severe disease. Evaluating the effectiveness or efficacy of vaccines beyond 6 months is crucial for updating vaccine policies.

LANCET (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Test sensitivity is secondary to frequency and turnaround time for COVID-19 screening

Daniel B. Larremore et al.

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a public health crisis due to the spread of SARS-CoV-2 through presymptomatic, symptomatic, and asymptomatic individuals. Effective population screening for the virus is essential for reopening societies and controlling its spread, with testing frequency and reporting speed playing crucial roles in its success. Test sensitivity is only marginally important compared to these factors.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Estimating the effectiveness of routine asymptomatic PCR testing at different frequencies for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 infections

Joel Hellewell et al.

Summary: The study used Bayesian statistical model to analyze PCR testing data of UK healthcare workers, finding that the detection probability peaked at 77% 4 days after infection but decreased to 50% by 10 days. Testing every other day was estimated to detect 57% of symptomatic cases before onset and 94% of asymptomatic cases within 7 days if results are returned promptly.

BMC MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Assessment of a Program for SARS-CoV-2 Screening and Environmental Monitoring in an Urban Public School District

John Crowe et al.

Summary: A pilot program in Omaha, Nebraska, tested staff and students in 3 urban public schools for SARS-CoV-2 over a 5-week period, detecting a higher infection rate compared to county-level data. Different experiences were observed among schools, and virus sequencing and geographical analyses indicated a dynamic relationship between school-based and community-derived transmission risks. These findings offer insights into the effectiveness and community value of test-based SARS-CoV-2 screening and surveillance strategies in kindergarten through 12th grade educational settings.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Safety and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine through 6 Months

S. J. Thomas et al.

Summary: BNT162b2 vaccine remains highly effective and safe over the course of 6 months post-vaccination, with efficacy rates ranging from 86% to 100% across different demographics and risk factors for Covid-19. The vaccine also shows a high efficacy against severe disease, with particularly promising results observed in South Africa against the B.1.351 variant.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 Delta variant replication and immune evasion

Petra Mlcochova et al.

Summary: The B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant of SARS-CoV-2 has lower sensitivity to antibodies and higher replication efficiency compared to other lineages, which may contribute to its dominance and reduced vaccine effectiveness, highlighting the need for continued infection control measures post-vaccination.

NATURE (2021)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal