期刊
PLANT PATHOLOGY
卷 72, 期 1, 页码 53-66出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/ppa.13648
关键词
antioxidant system; deoxynivalenol; disease control; fungicide control; mycotoxins; plant defence
Soil-applied silicon (Si) reduced Fusarium head blight (FHB) severity and damaged wheat kernels. Treatment with Si and fungicide during flowering provided the best disease control. Supplying Si to plants increased pathogen incubation period and decreased FHB severity and deoxynivalenol (DON) concentration. In addition, Si enhanced the plants' defense mechanisms and metabolite levels related to resistance against F. graminearum.
A three-year field experiment with two wheat cultivars evaluated the effect of soil-applied silicon (Si), with and without fungicide spraying, on Fusarium head blight (FHB) control. Silicon treatment alone reduced FHB severity and the percentage of damaged wheat kernels, regardless of the cultivar. The best disease control was obtained for the cultivar with moderate disease resistance (MR), supplied with silicon and treated with fungicide during flowering. Silicon treatment alone promoted an increase in deoxynivalenol (DON) concentration in the disease-susceptible cultivar; however, in the MR cultivar, silicon amendment associated with fungicide treatment led to a reduction in DON concentration. Greenhouse experiments evaluated the effect of silicon combined with different timings of fungicide application on wheat defences against Fusarium graminearum. Plants supplied with silicon had a longer pathogen incubation period, lower FHB severity and lower DON concentration when compared to plants without silicon. In addition, silicon-supplied plants had higher soluble phenolic content and altered antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, POX and PPO) that favoured early accumulation of hydrogen peroxide when compared to plants without silicon. Greater control of FHB and lower DON concentration in plants treated with silicon and fungicide before inoculation and up to 1 day after inoculation was associated with increased levels of defence-associated metabolites. Silicon contributed to the reduction of FHB and DON concentration in wheat, especially for the MR cultivar and, when combined with fungicide spraying, both MR and disease-susceptible cultivars had enhanced performances upon silicon amendment.
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