4.8 Article

The final piece of the Triangle of U: Evolution of the tetraploid Brassica carinata genome

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PLANT CELL
卷 34, 期 11, 页码 4143-4172

出版社

OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac249

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资金

  1. Nevada Agricultural Experiment Station [NEV00384]
  2. University of Nevada, Reno
  3. National Science Foundation [NSF IOS 1339156, NSF IOS 2029959, NSF MCB 1818288]
  4. Department of Energy Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA 1-16-1-0048]
  5. Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy [EXC 2070 -390732324]

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This study reports the chromosome-scale genome assembly of Ethiopian mustard and provides insights into the evolutionary history and agronomic traits of this crop. The research also identifies the expansion of transcription factor networks and important gene families.
Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata) is an ancient crop with remarkable stress resilience and a desirable seed fatty acid profile for biofuel uses. Brassica carinata is one of six Brassica species that share three major genomes from three diploid species (AA, BB, and CC) that spontaneously hybridized in a pairwise manner to form three allotetraploid species (AABB, AACC, and BBCC). Of the genomes of these species, that of B. carinata is the least understood. Here, we report a chromosome scale 1.31-Gbp genome assembly with 156.9-fold sequencing coverage for B. carinata, completing the reference genomes comprising the classic Triangle of U, a classical theory of the evolutionary relationships among these six species. Our assembly provides insights into the hybridization event that led to the current B. carinata genome and the genomic features that gave rise to the superior agronomic traits of B. carinata. Notably, we identified an expansion of transcription factor networks and agronomically important gene families. Completion of the Triangle of U comparative genomics platform has allowed us to examine the dynamics of polyploid evolution and the role of subgenome dominance in the domestication and continuing agronomic improvement of B. carinata and other Brassica species.

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