Diterpene glycosides, acetophenone glycosides and tannins from polar extracts of the root of Euphorbia fischeriana with cytotoxicity and antibacterial activities

The phytochemical study on Euphorbia fischeriana, a folk medicinal plant in China, led to the isolation of eight undescribed glycosides, including two diterpene glycosides, three acetophenone glycosides and three tannins together with eight known ones. Their planar structures were elucidated by extensive analyses of 1D, 2D NMR experiments and HRESIMS. The absolute configurations were determined by NOESY experiments, ECD calculations. All undescribed compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity and antibacterial activities in vitro. Two diterpene glycosides (1-2) showed cytotoxic activity with IC50 values ranging from 5.4 to 16.2 mu M toward HepG2, Hep-3B, A549, NCI-H460 and AGS cells. Tannins (6-8) showed the significant antibacterial activity with MIC values in the range of 1.56-6.25 mu g/mL.

Automated summary

The phytochemical study on Euphorbia fischeriana, a folk medicinal plant in China, led to the isolation of eight undescribed glycosides, including two diterpene glycosides, three acetophenone glycosides and three tannins together with eight known ones. The structures of these glycosides were determined through extensive analysis using 1D, 2D NMR experiments and HRESIMS. Two of the diterpene glycosides showed cytotoxic activity against several human cancer cell lines, while the tannins exhibited significant antibacterial activity.