Model for Quorum-Sensing Mediated Stochastic Biofilm Nucleation

Surface-attached bacterial biofilms cause disease and industrial biofouling, as well as being widespread in the natural environment. Density-dependent quorum sensing is one of the mechanisms implicated in biofilm initiation. Here we present and analyze a model for quorum-sensing triggered biofilm initiation. In our model, individual, planktonic bacteria adhere to a surface, proliferate, and undergo a collective transition to a biofilm phenotype. This model predicts a stochastic transition between a loosely attached, finite layer of bacteria near the surface and a growing biofilm. The transition is governed by two key parameters: the collective transition density relative to the carrying capacity and the immigration rate relative to the detachment rate. Biofilm initiation is complex, but our model suggests that stochastic nucleation phenomena may be relevant.

Automated summary

Surface-attached bacterial biofilms can lead to disease and industrial biofouling, and are widespread in natural environments. Quorum sensing is an important mechanism for biofilm initiation. We present and analyze a model that suggests a stochastic transition from loosely attached bacteria near the surface to a growing biofilm.