期刊
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
卷 57, 期 10, 页码 1854-1864出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1194/jlr.M070136
关键词
polyunsaturated fatty acid synthase; docosahexaenoic acid; docosapentaenoic acid; omega 3-fatty acid; omega 6-fatty acid; fatty acid biosynthesis
资金
- Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
Thraustochytrium, a unicellular marine protist, has been used as a commercial source of very long chain PUFAs (VLCPUFAs) such as DHA (22:6n-3). Our recent work indicates coexistence of a Delta 4-desaturation-dependent pathway (aerobic) and a polyketide synthase-like PUFA synthase pathway (anaerobic) to synthesize the fatty acids in Thraustochytrium sp. 26185. Heterologous expression of the Thraustochytrium PUFA synthase along with a phosphopantetheinyl transferase in Escherichia coli showed the anaerobic pathway was highly active in the biosynthesis of VLCPUFAs. The amount of. 4 desaturated VLCPUFAs produced reached about 18% of the total fatty acids in the transformant cells at day 6 in a time course of the induced expression. In Thraustochytrium, the expression level of the PUFA synthase gene was much higher than that of the. 4 desaturase gene, and also highly correlated with the production of VLCPUFAs. On the other hand, Delta 9 and Delta 12 desaturations in the aerobic pathway were either ineffective or absent in the species, as evidenced by the genomic survey, heterologous expression of candidate genes, and in vivo feeding experiments. These results indicate that the anaerobic pathway is solely responsible for the biosynthesis for VLCPUFAs in Thraustochytrium.
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