The contribution of in situ and ex situ star formation in early-type galaxies: MaNGA versus IllustrisTNG

We compare stellar mass surface density , metallicity , age, and line-of-sight velocity dispersion profiles in massive ( M- * > 10 M-10 . 5 (?)) present-day early-type galaxies (ETGs) from the MaNGA survey with simulated galaxies from the TNG100 simulation of the IllustrisTNG suite. We find an excellent agreement between the stellar mass surface density profiles of MaNGA and TNG100 ETGs, both in shape and normalization. Moreo v er, TNG100 reproduces the shapes of the profiles of stellar metallicity and age, as well as the normalization of velocity dispersion distributions of MaNGA ETGs. We generally also find good agreement when comparing the stellar profiles of central and satellite galaxies between MaNGA and TNG100. An exception is the velocity dispersion profiles of very massive ( M-*? 10(11.5 )M(?)) central galaxies, which, on average, are significantly higher in TNG100 than in MaNGA ( asymptotic to 50 km s (-1) ). We study the radial profiles of in situ and ex situ stars in TNG100 and discuss the extent to which each population contributes to the observed MaNGA profiles. Our analysis lends significant support to the idea that high-mass ( M (*) (?) 10( 11 )M(?)) ETGs in the present-day Universe are the result of a merger-driven evolution marked by major mergers that tend to homogenize the stellar populations of the progenitors in the merger remnant.

Automated summary

We compare the properties of massive early-type galaxies from the MaNGA survey with simulated galaxies from the TNG100 simulation. There is an excellent agreement between their stellar mass surface density profiles, as well as the profiles of stellar metallicity, age, and velocity dispersion. However, the velocity dispersion profiles of very massive central galaxies in TNG100 are significantly higher than in MaNGA. This study supports the idea that high-mass early-type galaxies in the present-day Universe are formed through mergers that homogenize the stellar populations of their progenitors.