Transplantation of Nasal Olfactory Mucosa Mesenchymal Stem Cells Benefits Alzheimer's Disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease that contributes to 60-70% of dementia in elderly people and is currently incurable. Current treatments only relieve the symptoms of AD and slow its progression. Achieving effective neural regeneration to ameliorate cognitive impairment is a major challenge in the treatment of AD. For the first time, we alleviated symptoms of AD in APPswe/PS1dE9 mice (hereafter referred to as AD mice) by transplantation of olfactory mucosa mesenchymal stem cells (OM-MSCs). Our study demonstrated that OM-MSC transplantation promotes amyloid-beta (A beta) clearance, downregulates the inflammatory response, and increases the M2/M1 ratio; OM-MSCs promote the conversion of BV2 (microglia) from M1 to M2 and also A beta clearance in SH-SY5Y(APPswe) (AD cell model). OM-MSC-transplanted AD mice show improved cognitive learning and locomotive behavior. Our study suggests that OM-MSC transplantation could alleviate the symptoms of AD and promote A beta clearance through immunomodulation, thus demonstrating the great potential and social value of OM-MSC treatment for AD patients.

Automated summary

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease that is currently incurable. Transplantation of olfactory mucosa mesenchymal stem cells (OM-MSCs) can alleviate symptoms of AD, promote amyloid-beta clearance, and improve cognitive learning and locomotive behavior.