Molecular explanation of Wnt/βcatenin antagonist pyrvinium mediated calcium equilibrium changes in aging cardiovascular disorders

The symptoms of ageing are somewhat different and can lead to the altered role of the cardiovascular system at the levels of genetic, biochemical, tissue, organ, and systems. Ageing is an autonomous cardiovascular risk factor. In the ageing rat heart, oxidative and inflammatory stress, immune cell infiltration, increasing myeloperoxidase function, elevated caspase-3 activity, and protein fibronectins were detected and associated with ageing and cardiovascular disease. The intracellular Ca2 + homeostasis disturbed in an older heart dramatically increases cardiomyopathy, atherosclerosis, stroke, ischemia, myocardial infarction, hypertrophy, remodelling, and hypertension. Evidence shows that suppression of Wnt/beta signals prevents cardiovascular dysfunction, such as remodelling, high blood pressure, and excessive overload stress. However, one study has shown that the pharmacological disruption of Wnt-beta-catenin by decreasing expression of a-smooth muscle actin, fibronectin and collagen I proteins attenuates angiotensin II mediated hypertension cardiac fibrosis. Thus, this review examined the impacts of calcium overload and age-related diseases, including cardiovascular. Energy dysregulation, calcium overloading, and mitochondria) dysfunction are the main activities causing cardiovascular disease linked with age. Therefore, the current study explores that age-associated cardiovascular disease has triggered the WNT/beta-catenin pathway, and pharmacological inhibition can delay pathological changes by attenuating calcium dyshomeostasis.

Automated summary

This study examines the impact of ageing on the cardiovascular system and its association with cardiovascular disease. The findings suggest that oxidative stress, inflammatory stress, immune cell infiltration, and disturbed intracellular calcium homeostasis are key factors in the development of cardiovascular diseases in ageing individuals. Suppression of Wnt/beta signals can prevent cardiovascular dysfunction, but the effects of pharmacological disruption of this pathway on hypertension and cardiac fibrosis remain inconclusive. Calcium overload and mitochondrial dysfunction are identified as key mechanisms underlying age-related cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, this study suggests that targeting calcium dyshomeostasis may delay pathological changes.