4.7 Article

Would Antarctic Marine Benthos Survive Alien Species Invasions? What Chemical Ecology May Tell Us

期刊

MARINE DRUGS
卷 20, 期 9, 页码 -

出版社

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/md20090543

关键词

chemical defenses; polar biology; marine natural products; marine benthic macroinvertebrates; macropredation; micropredation; non-native alien species; invasive species; global change; crabs

资金

  1. ACTIQUIM [CGL2007-65453/ANT, CTM2010-17415/ANT, CTM2013-42667/ANT, CTM2016-78901/ANT, PID2019-107979RB-I00/ANT]
  2. Spanish Government
  3. SGR (Research Quality Group) funding of the Generalitat de Catalunya [2014SGR336, 2017SGR1120]
  4. University of Barcelona
  5. L. & A. Colwin Summer Research Fellowship
  6. Great Generation Fund for Research of the Marine Biological Laboratory-University of Chicago, through an MBL Whitman Fellowship Award 2022

向作者/读者索取更多资源

Many Antarctic marine benthic macroinvertebrates are chemically protected against predation, but the arrival of alien species poses a significant threat to these communities. Research suggests that the chemical defenses of Antarctic species are effective against local amphipod predators but not against non-native crab species. This could potentially alter the fundamental nature of these communities and pose a huge threat to Antarctic marine benthos.
Many Antarctic marine benthic macroinvertebrates are chemically protected against predation by marine natural products of different types. Antarctic potential predators mostly include sea stars (macropredators) and amphipod crustaceans (micropredators) living in the same areas (sympatric). Recently, alien species (allopatric) have been reported to reach the Antarctic coasts, while deep-water crabs are suggested to be more often present in shallower waters. We decided to investigate the effect of the chemical defenses of 29 representative Antarctic marine benthic macroinvertebrates from seven different phyla against predation by using non-native allopatric generalist predators as a proxy for potential alien species. The Antarctic species tested included 14 Porifera, two Cnidaria, two Annelida, one Nemertea, two Bryozooa, three Echinodermata, and five Chordata (Tunicata). Most of these Antarctic marine benthic macroinvertebrates were chemically protected against an allopatric generalist amphipod but not against an allopatric generalist crab from temperate waters. Therefore, both a possible recolonization of large crabs from deep waters or an invasion of non-native generalist crab species could potentially alter the fundamental nature of these communities forever since chemical defenses would not be effective against them. This, together with the increasing temperatures that elevate the probability of alien species surviving, is a huge threat to Antarctic marine benthos.

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