Cardiac Phenotypes in Secondary Hypertension JACC State-of-the-Art Review

Several forms of secondary hypertension carry a high risk of cardiac morbidity and mortality. Evaluation of cardiac phenotypes in secondary hypertension provides a unique opportunity to study underlying hormonal and biochemical mechanisms affecting the heart. We review the characteristics of cardiac dysfunction in different forms of secondary hypertension and clarify the mechanisms behind the higher prevalence of heart damage in these patients than in those with primary hypertension. Attention to the specific clinical/biochemical phenotypes of these conditions may assist clinicians to screen for and confirm secondary forms of hypertension. Thereby, early signs of heart damage can be recognized and monitored, allowing individualized treatment to delay or prevent evolution toward more advanced disease. (C) 2022 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.

Automated summary

Secondary hypertension carries a higher risk of cardiac morbidity and mortality. Studying cardiac phenotypes in secondary hypertension helps understand the underlying mechanisms affecting the heart. The higher prevalence of heart damage in these patients compared to those with primary hypertension can be attributed to specific clinical and biochemical phenotypes, providing an opportunity for early screening and monitoring of heart damage and personalized treatment.