The effects of polarized photobiomodulation on cellular viability, proliferation, mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis in human fibroblasts: Potential applications to wound healing

Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a widely used therapeutic intervention used to treat several chronic conditions. Despite this, fundamental research underpinning its effectiveness is lacking, highlighted by the lack of a definitive mechanism of action. Additionally, there are many treatment variables which remain underexplored, one of those being the effect of polarization the property of light that specifies the direction of the oscillating electric field. When applied to PBM, using linearly polarized light, when compared to otherwise identical non -polarized light, may enhance its biological efficacy. As such, we investigated the potential biological effects of polarized PBM when compared to non-polarized and non-irradiated controls in the domains of cellular viability, proliferation, apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential (Delta psi) within cells exposed to oxidative stress. It was noted that polarized PBM, when compared to non-polarized PBM and non-irradiated controls, demonstrated mostly increased levels of cellular proliferation and Delta psi, whilst decreasing the amount of cellular apoptosis. These results indicate that polarization may have utility in the clinical application of PBM. Future research is needed to further elucidate the underpinning mechanisms of PBM and polarization.

Automated summary

Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a widely used therapeutic intervention, but its underlying mechanisms are still unclear. This research investigated the effects of polarized PBM compared to non-polarized PBM on cellular viability, proliferation, apoptosis, and mitochondrial membrane potential. The results showed that polarized PBM had better effects in promoting cellular proliferation and maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential while reducing cellular apoptosis. This suggests that polarization may have potential in the clinical application of PBM.