Visible light triggered synthesis of spiro[indoline-3,4'-quinoline] via oxidative coupling of indole with enaminone and malononitrile

In the most recent research, a straightforward, effective, and environmentally friendly method for pro-ducing spiro[indoline-3,4'-quinoline] was developed in ethanol using a photocatalyst eosin y and a 22 W LED lamp. This method involves the oxidative coupling of indole with enaminone and malononitrile. This method's key features include the absence of metals, low cost, environmental friendliness, greenness, non-toxicity, ease of handling, and use of renewable energy like visible light. This method exhibits a wide substrate scope for indole and active methylene compounds, including different enaminones. For the first time, spiro compounds were produced using visible light-mediated metal-free multicomponent synthesis under benign reaction conditions.(c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

A straightforward and environmentally friendly method using a photocatalyst eosin y and a 22 W LED lamp in ethanol was developed for producing spiro[indoline-3,4'-quinoline]. This method involves the oxidative coupling of indole with enaminone and malononitrile. Key features of this method include metal-free synthesis, low cost, environmental friendliness, non-toxicity, ease of handling, and utilization of renewable energy like visible light. This method demonstrates a wide substrate scope for indole and active methylene compounds, including different enaminones, enabling the production of spiro compounds under benign reaction conditions for the first time.