Development and characterization of a new monoclonal antibody against SARS-CoV-2 NSP12 (RdRp)

Summary: A high-resolution map of coding regions in the SARS-CoV-2 genome enables the identification of 23 unannotated open reading frames and quantification of the expression of canonical viral open reading frames.

NATURE (2021)

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Review Microbiology

Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19

Ben Hu et al.

Summary: This review summarizes the research progress on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, including virology characteristics, pathogenesis, and recent advances in treatment methods. Furthermore, it discusses in detail the potential wildlife hosts and zoonotic origin of this emerging virus.

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Microbiology

Human Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Molnupiravir, a Novel Broad-Spectrum Oral Antiviral Agent with Activity against SARS-CoV-2

Wendy P. Painter et al.

Summary: Molnupiravir showed rapid appearance and dose-proportional increase in plasma, with good tolerability in healthy volunteers. The study evaluated single and multiple doses of molnupiravir and the impact of food on pharmacokinetics in subjects, showing no accumulation following multiple doses and a decrease in absorption rate when administered with food, but no decrease in overall exposure.

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2021)

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Article Immunology

Intractable Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Prolonged Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Replication in a Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Modified T-Cell Therapy Recipient: A Case Study

Matthew K. Hensley et al.

Summary: This study reports a case of a recipient of chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cell therapy who developed severe COVID-19 with prolonged viral replication and evolution, along with minimal immune response, suggesting the possibility of prolonged transmission from immunosuppressed patients.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The SARS-CoV-2 RNA polymerase is a viral RNA capping enzyme

Alexander P. Walker et al.

Summary: Understanding the RNA synthesis machinery of SARS-CoV-2 provides a new target for novel or repurposed antiviral drugs. Effective antiviral therapies are needed to combat the COVID-19 pandemic.

NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Antibody resistance of SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1.351 and B.1.1.7

Pengfei Wang et al.

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has had global repercussions, with promising vaccines and monoclonal antibody therapies. However, newly detected variants of SARS-CoV-2 present challenges to these treatment options.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

mRNA vaccine-elicited antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and circulating variants

Zijun Wang et al.

Summary: Volunteers who received the Moderna or Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine showed high levels of antibodies and memory B cell responses against SARS-CoV-2, with activity similar to individuals who had recovered from natural infection. However, their efficacy against specific SARS-CoV-2 variants was reduced, indicating a potential need for periodic updates to mRNA vaccines to maintain clinical efficacy.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Immunology

Broad Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Cell Tropism and Immunopathology in Lung Tissues From Fatal Coronavirus Disease 2019

Suzane Ramos da Silva et al.

Summary: In fatal COVID-19 lungs, a broad SARS-CoV-2 cell tropism was observed, infecting various lung cells and leading to severe tissue damage, excessive inflammation, and thromboembolism. Extensive infiltration of innate immune cells, activation and depletion of adaptive immune cells were also found, contributing to compromised immune responses.

JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Structural basis of ribosomal frameshifting during translation of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA genome

Pramod R. Bhatt et al.

Summary: This study revealed the key event of programmed ribosomal frameshifting during translation of SARS-CoV-2, validated the importance of frameshifting for viral RNA synthesis through structural observations and biochemical experiments, and identified mechanistic and regulatory features influencing frameshifting efficiency.

SCIENCE (2021)

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Review Microbiology

SARS-CoV-2 variants, spike mutations and immune escape

William T. Harvey et al.

Summary: The evolution of SARS-CoV-2 has been characterized by the emergence of mutations and variants that impact virus characteristics. Manufacturers are preparing for possible updates to vaccines in response to changes in the virus population, and it is crucial to monitor genetic and antigenic changes alongside experiments to understand the impacts of mutations.

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Microbiology

Coronavirus biology and replication: implications for SARS-CoV-2

Philip V'kovski et al.

Summary: This review discusses key aspects of coronavirus biology and their implications for SARS-CoV-2 infections, treatment, and prevention strategies. Understanding virus-host interactions at the molecular level is crucial for developing effective intervention strategies. Summarizing the discoveries of SARS-CoV-2 infection and comparing it with other coronaviruses will support future preparedness and combat strategies.

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal