期刊
JOURNAL OF MECHANICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
卷 23, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
DOI: 10.1142/S0219519423500021
关键词
Cardiovascular system; thermodynamic performance; efficiency; cardiomegaly; the second law of thermodynamics
This study aims to determine the thermodynamic performance of the cardiovascular system under healthy and cardiomegaly conditions. The results show that the efficiency of the cardiovascular system is influenced by physiological activity levels, breathing air temperature, and humidity. The study also quantifies the efficiency of the heart and lung as individual systems.
This study aims to determine the thermodynamic performance of the cardiovascular system for healthy and cardiomegaly conditions where work done by the heart and lung is considered as input expenses. Analysis based on the second law of thermodynamics was performed under three distinct physiological conditions: resting, moderate, and excessive activity levels. From this analysis, it is noted that, exergy transfer rate increases with the increase in the physiological activity level. The exergetic efficiency of the cardiovascular system is about 55% at resting and changes by about 4% with physical activity level. The human cardiovascular system efficiency is increased with an increase in breathing air inlet temperature and relative humidity irrespective of physiological conditions. The work also quantifies the efficiency of the heart and lung as individual systems. For a fixed breathing air inlet temperature and relative humidity, the cardiovascular system performance increases with a decrease in physical activity levels.
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