Bacteria-derived pesticidal proteins active against hemipteran pests

Hemipteran pests are among the most important threats to agricultural production. Losses associated with these insects result from both feeding-associated damage and the transmission of plant pathogens by some species. Key among hemipteran pests of agricultural importance are stink bugs, whitefly, aphids and psyllids. While bacteria provide an excellent resource for identification of environmentally benign pesticidal proteins for use against pest insects, relatively few with activity against hemipteran species have been identified. In this comprehensive re-view including the patent literature, we describe physiological features unique to Hemiptera that may restrict the toxicity of bacterial pesticidal proteins, provide an overview of Hemiptera-active pesticidal proteins and asso-ciated structural classes, and summarize biotechnological strategies used for optimization of toxicity against target hemipteran species.

Automated summary

Hemipteran pests pose a significant threat to agricultural production due to their feeding damage and transmission of plant pathogens. However, the identification and development of pesticidal proteins specific to hemipteran species have been limited. This comprehensive review examines the unique physiological features of Hemiptera, provides an overview of pesticidal proteins active against hemipteran pests, and summarizes biotechnological strategies to enhance their toxicity.