期刊
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
卷 225, 期 19, 页码 -出版社
COMPANY BIOLOGISTS LTD
DOI: 10.1242/jeb.244099
关键词
Otolith; Salmon; Transgenic; Vaterite
类别
资金
- Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia [RTI2018-100757-B-100]
- Canadian Regulatory System for Biotechnology [61740]
- University of Barcelona: Universitat de Barcelona
Vaterite deposition in fish otoliths is commonly found in aquaculture-reared fish. This study compared otoliths from growth hormone transgenic coho salmon and non-transgenic fish of similar size and found that transgenic fish had smaller and rounder otoliths. Transgenic fish also had smaller eyes and showed a lower percentage of vaterite deposition in their otoliths. This suggests that high growth rates and GH overexpression may have a protective role against vaterite deposition.
In fish otoliths, CaCO3 normally precipitates as aragonite, and more rarely as vaterite or calcite. A higher incidence of vaterite deposition in otoliths from aquaculture-reared fish has been reported and it is thought that high growth rates under farming conditions might promote its deposition. To test this hypothesis, otoliths from growth hormone (GH) transgenic coho salmon and non-transgenic fish of matching size were compared. Once morphometric parameters were normalized by animal length, we found that transgenic fish otoliths were smaller (-24%, -19%, -20% and - 30% for length, width, perimeter and area, respectively; P<0.001) and rounder (-12%, +13.5%, +15% and -15.5% in circularity, form factor, roundness and ellipticity; P<0.001) than otoliths from non-transgenic fish of matching size. Interestingly, transgenic fish had smaller eyes (-30% eye diameter) and showed a strong correlation between eye and otolith size. We also found that the percentage of otoliths showing vaterite deposition was significantly smaller in transgenic fish (21-28%) than in non-transgenic fish (69%; P<0.001). Likewise, the area affected by vaterite deposition within individual otoliths was reduced in transgenic fish (21-26%) compared with non-transgenic fish (42.5%; P<0.001). Our results suggest that high growth rates per se are not sufficient to cause vaterite deposition in all cases, and that GH overexpression might have a protective role against vaterite deposition, a hypothesis that needs further investigation.
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