期刊
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
卷 90, 期 1, 页码 313-322出版社
IOS PRESS
DOI: 10.3233/JAD-220348
关键词
Alzheimer's disease; mild cognitive impairment; persistent semantic interference; proactive semantic interference
资金
- National Institute of Aging [R01 AG061106-04, 1R015R01AG055638-05]
- Florida Department of Health Ed and Ethel Moore Grants
This study found that persistent difficulties in proactive semantic interference (PSI) were observed in early-stage Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment patients, which were not captured by existing memory measures. In addition, the inability to recover from PSI after repeated learning trials was also found in these patients.
Background: Susceptibility to proactive semantic interference (PSI) and the inability to ameliorate these difficulties with one additional learning trial have repeatedly been implicated as early features of incipient Alzheimer's disease (AD). Unfortunately, persistent failure to recover from PSI (frPSI) after repeated learning trials, are not captured by existing memory measures, or been examined in pre-mild cognitive impairment (PreMCI). Objective: Anovel Cognitive Stress Test (CST) was employed to measure the impact of PSI, initial failure to recover from PSI and persistent effects of PSI, despite multiple learning trials of the new to-be-remembered material (pfrPSI). We hypothesized that PSI deficits on the CST would persist in both PreMCI and amnestic MCI (aMCI) groups over repeated learning trials when compared to cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults. Methods: One hundred fifty older adults (69 CU, 31 PreMCI, and 50 aMCI) underwent a standardized clinical and neuropsychological evaluation. The CST was independent of diagnostic classification. Results: Even after adjusting for strength of initial learning, aMCI and PreMCI groups demonstrated greater persistent PSI (pfrPSI) relative to the CU group despite repeated learning trials of List B. Further, the aMCI group made a higher number of semantic intrusion errors relative to the PreMCI and CU groups on all List B Cued Recall trials. Conclusion: Persistent PSI appears to be a common feature of aMCI and PreMCI. The possible theoretical mechanisms and empirical implications of these new findings are discussed.
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