4.7 Review

Update on Extracellular Vesicle-Based Vaccines and Therapeutics to Combat COVID-19

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Nebulization Therapy with Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes for COVID-19 Pneumonia

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Circulating Exosomes Are Strongly Involved in SARS-CoV-2 Infection

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Summary: Limited knowledge of the host response to SARS-CoV-2 hinders understanding of COVID-19 pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies. This study revealed that SARS-CoV-2 infection modulates exosome content and their involvement in disease progression, highlighting the potential of plasma exosomes as biomarkers for disease severity. Proteomic analysis of patient-derived exosomes identified molecules implicated in immune response, inflammation, coagulation, and complement pathways associated with COVID-19 tissue damage and organ dysfunction. Moreover, the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in exosomes suggests a potential route for viral spread.

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Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Reduce SARS-CoV2-Induced Inflammatory Cytokines Under High Glucose and Uremic Toxin Conditions

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