期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH AND HEALTH SERVICES
卷 53, 期 1, 页码 74-84出版社
SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.1177/00207314221129052
关键词
life expectancy; Bahrain; sociodemographic; macroeconomic; health resources; structural equation model; PLS-SEM; determinants; factors; health status
This study analyzes the data from Bahrain between 1971 and 2020 and finds that macroeconomic factors and health status and resources have significant direct effects on life expectancy. Socioeconomic factors, on the other hand, have an indirect effect on life expectancy through health status and resources.
The factors impacting life expectancy (LE) are important to a country as LE reflects the essential quality of its population. Previous studies showed that other than economic factors, health status and resources (HSR) and sociodemographic (SD) also affect LE. This area has not been previously studied in Bahrain, especially in the past five decades. Hence, this study aims to develop an explanatory model for HSR, macroeconomic (ME), and SD factors on LE in Bahrain. The research was a retrospective, time-series design that collected the annual published data on SD, ME, HSR, and LE in Bahrain's population from 1971 to 2020. The data were analyzed using the partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method. The result shows that ME (0.463, P < .001) and HSR (0.595, P < .001) have significant direct effects on LE. ME has an indirect effect (0.488, P < .001) on LE via SD and HSR, and SD has an indirect effect (0.496, P < .001) on LE through HSR. During the socioeconomic downturn, the health resources provision should not be reduced as it directly affects LE. An integrated policy addressing socioeconomic and health-related factors could protect the future of Bahrain's population health outcomes.
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