Gelatin/polyvinyl alcohol loaded magnesium hydroxide nanocomposite attenuates neurotoxicity and oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease induced rats

Amyloid- ss (A ss) plaque formation, neuronal cell death, mitochondrial and cholinergic dysfunction are key indicators of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were tethered with magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)(2)) to synthesize nanocomposite (Ge/PVA/Mg(OH)(2)) through alkali co-precipitation. The characterization studies using FT-IR, XRD, DLS, and SEM-EDX confirmed the successful formation of Ge/PVA/Mg(OH)(2) nanocomposite. Further, in vitro study it clearly demonstrated the impact of Ge/ PVA/Mg(OH)(2) nanocomposite on biocompatibility, cellular uptake, reduced A ss protein expression and protection of neuronal cell death. The confocal study further confirmed the down-regulation of A ss expression. The subsequent in vivo analysis witnessed the protective effect of Ge/PVA/Mg(OH)(2) nanocomposites on the cognitive and synaptic impairments of AD in intraceribroventricular streptozotocin (ICV-STZ) treated rats. Oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes, cholinergic and mitochondrial complex activity were conducted and revealed that the Acetylcholineesterase (AChE) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) activities were significantly decreased by contrast the antioxidant enzyme activities were found to be increased in the cortex and hippocampus regions of the brain. Thus, the present investigation recommends Ge/PVA/Mg(OH)(2) nanocomposite to target AD and clinical translation.

Automated summary

This study successfully synthesized Ge/PVA/Mg(OH)(2) nanocomposites and demonstrated their good biocompatibility, ability to inhibit Aβ protein expression, and protect neuronal cells from damage. Animal experiments also showed that this nanocomposite has a protective effect on cognitive and synaptic impairments in an AD model. Therefore, Ge/PVA/Mg(OH)(2) nanocomposite may be a potential candidate for treating AD.