A Switched Newton-Raphson-Based Distributed Energy Management Algorithm for Multienergy System Under Persistent DoS Attacks

The security and economy of multienergy systems (MESs) are directly threatened by the potential cyberattacks. It is of great importance to investigate the effects of cyberattacks, e.g., denial of service (DoS) attacks, on distributed energy management algorithms. To this end, this article focuses on exploring how the frequency and the time of duration of DoS attacks influence the behavior of Newton-Raphson-based distributed energy management (NRBDEM) algorithm for MES and in which condition the optimal operations can still be obtained. First, a switched NRBDEM algorithm is presented, which is composed of the normal operation mode and the attack mode. In the attack mode, the attackers are able to change the communication structure at will and make it unconnected to destroy the convergence of the switched NRBDEM algorithm. Then, by making use of automatons to generate the hybrid time domain, the switched NRBDEM algorithm is further modeled and formulated as a hybrid dynamical system, which provides a mathematical model for the subsequent convergence analysis. Therein, the generated hybrid time domain satisfies the average dwell-time constraint and time-ratio constraint to limit the persistent attacks. Furthermore, we analyze the restrained conditions for persistent attacks, under which the optimality and convergence of the switched NRBDEM algorithm can be guaranteed still. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Automated summary

This article explores how cyberattacks, particularly denial of service attacks, impact the behavior of Newton-Raphson-based distributed energy management algorithms for multienergy systems. By presenting a switched NRBDEM algorithm, the study investigates the effects of attack mode on the algorithm's convergence. Utilizing automatons to create a hybrid time domain, a mathematical model is established to analyze the conditions under which the optimality and convergence of the algorithm can be guaranteed despite persistent attacks. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.