期刊
FUNGAL BIOLOGY
卷 126, 期 11-12, 页码 752-763出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2022.09.004
关键词
Alkaloids; Poaceae; Taxonomy; Plant pathogens; Claviceps africana; Ergot
类别
资金
- European Union [101008129]
- National research Foundation
- Department of Science and Technology, South Africa
- Marie Curie Actions (MSCA) [101008129] Funding Source: Marie Curie Actions (MSCA)
This study surveyed the diversity of ergot in South Africa and identified 16 species, including 5 new species. The findings highlight Africa as a hotspot for ergot and suggest that co-speciation driven by host constraints plays a major role in its distribution in South Africa. Monitoring of ergot on invasive host grasses is crucial for understanding its invasive potential.
Ergot, the genus Claviceps comprises several deeply diverged lineages, recently classified as sections. Among them, the section Pusillae, is the most speciose, with a centre of distribution in Africa but occurring worldwide, often as a consequence of its invasive potential. This section includes the most severe plant pathogens such as Claviceps africana and C. gigantea, responsible for toxicoses and a sig-nificant reduction in the seed yields of Sorghum and Zea. In this study we surveyed ergot diversity in South Africa, focusing on grasses native to this region, but known for their high potential of invasiveness. The revision based on molecular and phenotypic markers revealed 16 species, with a high proportion of undescribed diversity, confirming Africa as a hot spot for this section. Five new species, Claviceps tulasnei, Claviceps eulaliae, Claviceps hypertheliae, Claviceps fredericksoniae and Claviceps arundinellae were described from Setaria, Eulalia, Hyperthelia, Miscanthus and Arundinella respectively. Claviceps texensis infecting Cenchrus, previously only identified from the same host in Texas, USA, was confirmed to be present in Africa, which is assumed to be its primary area of distribution. In addition, the host grass genus Anthephora is newly reported as a host of Claviceps digitariae. The most of the taxa were negligible concerning alkaloid production, with the exception of C. fredericksoniae, which is a sister of potent alkaloid producer C. africana, and produces mainly DH-ergosine, together with traces of DH-ergocornine. The host/parasite associations within Pusillae section is very narrow, suggesting that co-speciation is the major speciation driver in this group. Host grasses of the described species are already recognised invasive species and their ovarial parasites need to be monitored. This is highlighted by the fact that all Pusillae produced air-borne secondary conidia, which is autapomorphy of this section and considered to be important for their invasive abilities.(c) 2022 British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据