Review on wastewater treatment by microalgae in different cultivation systems and its importance in biodiesel production

As the world's population grows, so does the amount of wastewater produced, as well as the demand for energy. Furthermore, the combustion of fossil fuels for energy production emits greenhouse gases (GHG) and other pollutants. As a result, finding alternative green techniques to wastewater treatment and energy production is critical. Microalgal biorefineries could be a viable solution to the aforementioned issues. Microalgal biorefineries are a more environmentally friendly alternative to typical wastewater treatment methods since they can treat wastewater for less money and with less energy. They also make it possible to recover important molecules for biofuel generation or other uses. The current state and future possibilities of microalgae biorefineries aiming at combining wastewater treatment and biofuel production are the topics of this review. The various microalgal cultivation systems are first discussed, together with their key characteristics and limitations. The technologies for turning biomass produced during wastewater treatment into biofuel are then evaluated. Finally, this approach's present problems and research directions for biofuel production and wastewater treatment are highlighted.

Automated summary

This article introduces microalgal biorefineries as an alternative technology for treating wastewater and producing biofuels, evaluates its techniques and potentials, and discusses current problems and future research directions.