期刊
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
卷 161, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111824
关键词
Tea germplasm; Camellia sinensis; Secondary metabolite; Quality; Differential distribution; Regulatory mechanism
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31902073]
- Special Fund for Scientific Innovation StrategyConstruction of High Level Academy of Agriculture Science [R2020PYJX017, 202125TD]
- Special Fund for the Promotion of Agricultural Science and Technology Capacity of Rural Revitalization Strategy [403-2018-XMZC-0002-90, TS-2-3]
- Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation [2021A1515010930]
- Basic Frontier Science Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences [ZDBS-LYSM032]
- Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology [2020QNRC001]
- Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology Rural Science and Technology Commissioner Project [KTP20210351]
- Science and Technology Project of Guangzhou [202206010185]
- Science and Technology Project of Zhanjiang [2021A05205]
- Science and Technology Project of Yunfu [2021020301]
- Guangdong Provincial Special Fund for Modern Agriculture Industry Technology Innovation Teams [2022KJ120]
This review summarizes the characteristics and associated regulatory mechanisms of specific tea germplasms in China, including germplasms that specifically accumulate metabolites, the metabolic flux between catechins and anthocyanins, the differential abundance of L-theanine between tea and other plants, the expression of caffeine synthase genes in low-caffeine tea germplasms, and the characteristics of high-aroma and high-chlorophyll germplasms.
The diverse tea (Camellia sinensis) germplasms in China include those that specifically accumulate metabolites, such as anthocyanin, catechin, amino acid, caffeine, aroma compound, and chlorophyll. There is interest in the derived products because of special flavor quality or high efficacy activity. This review describes the characteristics of specific tea germplasms and associated regulatory mechanisms. High expression levels of the corresponding biosynthetic genes lead to the substantial accumulation of anthocyanins. The increased metabolic flux from anthocyanins to galloylated catechins is responsible for the occurrence of high-catechin germplasms. The precursor ethylamine determines the differential abundance of L-theanine between tea and other plants. The high amino acid contents in albino germplasms are the result of decreased L-theanine hydrolysis. In low-caffeine tea germplasms, caffeine synthase genes are minimally expressed or mutated. High-aroma germplasms are associated with an increase in the precursors or strong stress-induced responses. Enhanced chloroplast and chlorophyll synthesis is a hallmark of the high-chlorophyll germplasms. Overall, biosynthetic metabolism might have contributed to the occurrence of specific tea germplasms. Furthermore, elucidation the deeper molecular mechanisms in specific tea germplasms are significant and urgent. The information will enhance our understanding of the metabolic activities in tea plants, with implications for tea breeding.
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