Psychotropic drug repurposing for COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Review Clinical Neurology

Outcomes associated with different vaccines in individuals with bipolar disorder and impact on the current COVID-19 pandemic- a systematic review

Eva Z. Reininghaus et al.

Summary: Patients with bipolar disorder may have a higher risk of contracting COVID-19, leading to worsened clinical outcomes. However, research on vaccination in individuals with BD is limited and lacks substantial evidence.

EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY (2022)

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Letter Clinical Neurology

Letter to the editor about the article Psychiatric disorders in post-acute COVID-syndrome 3 (PDPACS): Recommendations for health care professionals (Falconi A et al., 2022)

Cristian-Daniel Llach et al.

EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Can selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors/serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor antidepressants decrease the cytokine storm in the course of COVID-19 pneumonia?

Leonardo Fei et al.

Summary: This study aims to investigate the effect of antidepressant therapy on interleukin-6 levels in COVID-19 patients. The results show that patients treated with antidepressants have lower levels of interleukin-6 and a lower incidence of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome.

PANMINERVA MEDICA (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

RNA-dependent RNA polymerase: Structure, mechanism, and drug discovery for COVID-19

Yi Jiang et al.

Summary: COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 has become a global pandemic, with efforts focused on developing therapeutic interventions, such as the approved emergency use of the nucleotide analog remdesivir. Studies have revealed the mechanisms of RNA recognition by RdRp and inhibition by nucleotide inhibitors, providing insights for drug development targeting RdRp.

BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Psychiatry

Increased risk ofCOVID-19 infection and mortality in people with mental disorders: analysis from electronic health records in the United States

QuanQiu Wang et al.

Summary: Patients recently diagnosed with mental disorders are at increased risk for COVID-19 infection, especially those with depression and schizophrenia. Additionally, there are disparities in infection risk among African Americans and women, suggesting the need for targeted interventions to address these vulnerabilities.

WORLD PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Computational drug discovery and repurposing for the treatment of COVID-19: A systematic review

Kawthar Mohamed et al.

Summary: This systematic review provides an overview of studies using computational methods for drug repurposing in COVID-19, highlighting existing drugs with the potential to impact SARS-CoV2 through various mechanisms and the need for further clinical research to determine their efficacy in treating COVID-19.

BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Tocilizumab in Patients Hospitalized with Covid-19 Pneumonia

Carlos Salama et al.

Summary: Among hospitalized patients with Covid-19 pneumonia not on mechanical ventilation, tocilizumab reduced the risk of progression to mechanical ventilation or death, but did not improve overall survival. There were no new safety concerns identified.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Prevalence and risk factors for delirium in critically ill patients with COVID-19 (COVID-D): a multicentre cohort study

Brenda T. Pun et al.

Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of delirium and coma in critically ill patients with COVID-19, identifying benzodiazepine use and lack of family visitation as modifiable risk factors for delirium. These findings present an opportunity to reduce acute brain dysfunction in patients with COVID-19.

LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

COMPARE Analysis, a Bioinformatic Approach to Accelerate Drug Repurposing against Covid-19 and Other Emerging Epidemics

Imad Naasani

Summary: The novel bioinformatic approach described in the study utilizes the COMPARE algorithm from NCI to sort and identify drugs with potential antiviral activities against emerging viral epidemics like Covid-19. By analyzing drug molecules with ostensible anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities as seeds, the method is able to uncover molecules from various pharmacological classes with similar growth inhibitory patterns, confirming the efficiency of the COMPARE analysis in predicting antiviral activities of drugs. This approach, unlike pure in silico methods, is biologically relevant and can pharmacologically correlate compounds regardless of their chemical structures, making it a reliable and valuable resource for drug repurposing against current and future viral outbreaks.

SLAS DISCOVERY (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Relation of severe COVID-19 to polypharmacy and prescribing of psychotropic drugs: the REACT-SCOT case-control study

Paul M. McKeigue et al.

Summary: Severe COVID-19 is strongly associated with polypharmacy and drugs that have sedation, respiratory depression, or dyskinesia effects. Measures to reduce mortality and morbidity from COVID-19 should focus on reducing overprescribing of these drug classes and limiting inappropriate polypharmacy.

BMC MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Screened antipsychotic drugs inhibit SARS-CoV-2 binding with ACE2 in vitro

Jiayu Lu et al.

Summary: The study found that eight antipsychotic drugs showed significant antiviral activity in vitro, with three quarters belonging to phenothiazine, which could effectively inhibit the entry of coronaviruses into ACE2-HEK293T cells. These drugs may have a synergistic effect and could be used as adjuvant therapy for COVID-19 infection.

LIFE SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Association between antidepressant use and reduced risk of intubation or death in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: results from an observational study

Nicolas Hoertel et al.

Summary: This study suggests that the use of antidepressants in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 may be associated with a lower risk of death or intubation. Antidepressants such as fluoxetine, paroxetine, escitalopram, venlafaxine, and mirtazapine showed significant associations with reduced risk. Further research in the form of double-blind controlled randomized clinical trials is recommended.

MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Letter Psychiatry

Lower risk of SARS-CoV2 infection in individuals with severe mental disorders on antipsychotic treatment: A retrospective epidemiological study in a representative Spanish population

M. Canal-Rivero et al.

SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The outcomes of patients with diabetes mellitus in The Philippine CORONA Study

Adrian Espiritu et al.

Summary: In COVID-19 patients, having diabetes significantly increases the risk of mortality, respiratory failure, ICU admission, duration of ventilator dependence, severe/critical COVID-19, and length of hospital stay. Patients in the DM group had a higher average age, a slightly higher number of females, and over 50% were above 60 years old.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Article Psychiatry

Mental disorders, psychopharmacological treatments, and mortality in 2150 COVID-19 Spanish inpatients

Crisanto Diez-Quevedo et al.

Summary: The study found that mental disorders are common in COVID-19 patients and that receiving psychopharmacological treatments may affect mortality rate. Therefore, timely detection and treatment of mental disorders are crucial for the prognosis and functional recovery of the disease.

ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA (2021)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Drug synergy of combinatory treatment with remdesivir and the repurposed drugs fluoxetine and itraconazole effectively impairs SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro

Sebastian Schloer et al.

Summary: The combination of itraconazole-remdesivir and fluoxetine-remdesivir effectively inhibits the production of infectious SARS-CoV-2 particles with synergistic effects, showing promising therapeutic options for controlling COVID-19.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Letter Psychiatry

Association Between Antipsychotic Use and COVID-19 Mortality Among People With Serious Mental Illness

Katlyn Nemani et al.

JAMA PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Metabolic Syndrome and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19

Joshua L. Denson et al.

Summary: This study found that metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased risk of ARDS and death in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. The association with ARDS increases cumulatively with each additional metabolic syndrome criterion.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Mortality Risk Among Patients With COVID-19 Prescribed Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Antidepressants

Tomiko Oskotsky et al.

Summary: This study investigated the association of SSRIs with outcomes in patients with COVID-19 using electronic health records. The results suggest that SSRIs, especially fluoxetine, may be associated with reduced mortality in COVID-19 patients. Further research and clinical trials are needed to confirm these findings.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2021)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Associations between COVID-19 and 30-day thromboembolic events and mortality in people with dementia receiving antipsychotic medications

Stephanie L. Harrison et al.

Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was an increase in the proportion of people with dementia receiving antipsychotics, potentially exacerbating the negative effects of antipsychotics in patients with dementia.

PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH (2021)

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Editorial Material Surgery

MOOSE Reporting Guidelines for Meta-analyses of Observational Studies

Benjamin S. Brooke et al.

JAMA SURGERY (2021)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Fluvoxamine: A Review of Its Mechanism of Action and Its Role in COVID-19

Vikas P. Sukhatme et al.

Summary: Fluvoxamine, a well-tolerated and widely available selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, has shown potential in preventing clinical deterioration of COVID-19 patients in a small study. It functions through various mechanisms such as antiviral effects, anti-inflammatory properties, and regulation of coagulopathy.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Global Incidence of Neurological Manifestations Among Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19-A Report for the GCS-NeuroCOVID Consortium and the ENERGY Consortium

Sherry H. -Y. Chou et al.

Summary: This study included patients with clinically diagnosed or laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 at 28 centers across 13 countries and 4 continents from March 1 to September 30, 2020. Neurological manifestations were prevalent among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and were associated with higher in-hospital mortality. Patients with preexisting neurological disorders were at increased risk of developing neurological signs and/or syndromes in COVID-19.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Fluoxetine as an anti-inflammatory therapy in SARS-CoV-2 infection

Justin Fortune Creeden et al.

Summary: The study suggests that the antidepressant fluoxetine may act as a potential therapy for hyperinflammatory states such as asthma, sepsis, and COVID-19 by targeting IL6ST and NF-kappaB Subunit 1 (NFKB1).

BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Novel inhibitors of the main protease enzyme of SARS-CoV-2 identified via molecular dynamics simulation-guided in vitro assay

Jennifer Loschwitz et al.

Summary: This study identifies eight compounds, including corilagin and lurasidone, as promising inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease through molecular dynamics simulations and fluorescence assays. Additionally, testosterone is found to possess moderate inhibitory potency against 3CLpro, possibly explaining the increased severity of COVID-19 in older men.

BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Editorial Material Clinical Neurology

Mind long COVID: Psychiatric sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection

Cristian-Daniel Llach et al.

EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Fluoxetine hydrochloride loaded lipid polymer hybrid nanoparticles showed possible efficiency against SARS-CoV-2 infection

Shaymaa Elsayed Khater et al.

Summary: This study utilized molecular docking and nano-hybrid technology to validate the therapeutic potential of SSRIs against COVID-19, particularly the binding of Fluoxetine hydrochloride (FH) with the SARS-COV-2 main protease. Optimization of the FH-LPH nanoparticle formulation improved loading efficiency and efficacy.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS (2021)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Combination Therapy with Fluoxetine and the Nucleoside Analog GS-441524 Exerts Synergistic Antiviral Effects against Different SARS-CoV-2 Variants In Vitro

Linda Brunotte et al.

Summary: The study explored the antiviral properties of combining the remdesivir metabolite GS-441524 and the antidepressant fluoxetine in a cell culture model against SARS-CoV-2. The results showed that the combined treatment displayed synergistic antiviral effects, indicating a potentially suitable therapeutic option for treating SARS-CoV-2 infections.

PHARMACEUTICS (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Mental and neurological disorders and risk of COVID-19 susceptibility, illness severity and mortality: A systematic review, meta-analysis and call for action

Lin Liu et al.

Summary: Mental and neurological disorders are significantly associated with susceptibility, severity, and mortality of COVID-19, with substantial heterogeneities across studies. More research is needed to explore long-term effects and underlying mechanisms.

ECLINICALMEDICINE (2021)

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Letter Psychiatry

Are dopamine and serotonin involved in COVID-19 pathophysiology?

L. Attademo et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019

Na Zhu et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Comparative therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir and combination lopinavir, ritonavir, and interferon beta against MERS-CoV

Timothy P. Sheahan et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor

Markus Hoffmann et al.

CELL (2020)

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Article Neurosciences

Repurposing chlorpromazine to treat COVID-19: The reCoVery study

M. Plaze et al.

ENCEPHALE-REVUE DE PSYCHIATRIE CLINIQUE BIOLOGIQUE ET THERAPEUTIQUE (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A SARS-CoV-2 protein interaction map reveals targets for drug repurposing

David E. Gordon et al.

NATURE (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Remdesivir for the Treatment of Covid-19-Final Report

John H. Beigel et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

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Review Psychiatry

Lithium's antiviral effects: a potential drug for CoViD-19 disease?

Andrea Murru et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIPOLAR DISORDERS (2020)

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Article Cell Biology

Microdose lithium reduces cellular senescence in human astrocytes - a potential pharmacotherapy for COVID-19?

Tania Viel et al.

AGING-US (2020)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Baseline Chronic Comorbidity and Mortality in Laboratory-Confirmed COVID-19 Cases: Results from the PRECOVID Study in Spain

Beatriz Poblador-Plou et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2020)

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Article Clinical Neurology

COVID-19 inpatients with psychiatric disorders: Real-world clinical recommendations from an expert team in consultation-liaison psychiatry

G. Anmella et al.

JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS (2020)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

Insights into the biased activity of dextromethorphan and haloperidol towards SARS-CoV-2 NSP6: in silico binding mechanistic analysis

Preeti Pandey et al.

JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Laser irradiated phenothiazines: New potential treatment for COVID-19 explored by molecular docking

Ana-Maria Udrea et al.

JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Fluvoxamine vs Placebo and Clinical Deterioration in Outpatients With Symptomatic COVID-19 A Randomized Clinical Trial

Eric J. Lenze et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2020)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Cytokine Storm

David C. Fajgenbaum et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Pharmacological treatment of hyperactive delirium in people with COVID-19: rethinking conventional approaches

Giovanni Ostuzzi et al.

THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY (2020)

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Article Immunology

Targeting the endolysosomal host-SARS-CoV-2 interface by clinically licensed functional inhibitors of acid sphingomyelinase (FIASMA) including the antidepressant fluoxetine

Sebastian Schloer et al.

EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS (2020)

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Article Cell Biology

Modulation of the sigma-1 receptor-IRE1 pathway is beneficial in preclinical models of inflammation and sepsis

Dorian A. Rosen et al.

SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Platelets release pathogenic serotonin and return to circulation after immune complex-mediated sequestration

Nathalie Cloutier et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Proliferation and apoptosis of T lymphocytes in patients with bipolar disorder

Krzysztof Pietruczuk et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2018)

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Article Psychiatry

The metabolic side effects of 12 antipsychotic drugs used for the treatment of schizophrenia on glucose: a network meta-analysis

Yangyu Zhang et al.

BMC PSYCHIATRY (2017)

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Review Neurosciences

Effects of psychotropic drugs on inflammation: consequence or mediator of therapeutic effects in psychiatric treatment?

David Baumeister et al.

PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY (2016)

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Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Interleukin-6 inhibitors in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

Arthur Kavanaugh

Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management (2016)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antioxidant activity of fluoxetine

Vitor Caiaffo et al.

PHARMACOLOGY RESEARCH & PERSPECTIVES (2016)

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Editorial Material Neurosciences

Inflammation: its role in schizophrenia and the potential anti-inflammatory effects of antipsychotics

Valeria Mondelli et al.

PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY (2014)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Are healthcare workers' intentions to vaccinate related to their knowledge, beliefs and attitudes? a systematic review

Raul Herzog et al.

BMC PUBLIC HEALTH (2013)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials

Julian P. T. Higgins et al.

BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (2011)

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Psychotropic drug repurposing for COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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