Vitamin A deficiency during the perinatal period induces changes in vitamin A metabolism in the offspring. The regulation of intestinal vitamin A metabolism via ISX occurs only in male rats severely vitamin A-deficient

Purpose 1) To test the hypothesis of the existence of a perinatal vitamin A (VA) programming of VA metabolism and to better understand the intestinal regulation of VA metabolism. Methods Offspring from rats reared on a control (C) or a VA-deficient (D) diet from 6 weeks before mating until offspring weaning, i.e., 7 weeks after mating, were themselves reared on a C or D diet for 19 weeks, resulting in the following groups: C-C (parents fed C-offspring fed C), D-C, C-D and D-D. VA concentrations were measured in plasma and liver. beta-Carotene bioavailability and its intestinal conversion rate to VA, as well as vitamin D and E bioavailability, were assessed after gavages with these vitamins. Expression of genes involved in VA metabolism and transport was measured in intestine and liver. Results C-D and D-D had no detectable retinyl esters in their liver. Retinolemia, hepatic retinol concentrations and postprandial plasma retinol response to beta-carotene gavage were higher in D-C than in C-C. Intestinal expression of Isx was abolished in C-D and D-D and this was concomitant with a higher expression of Bco1, Scarb1, Cd36 and Lrat in males receiving a D diet as compared to those receiving a C diet. beta-Carotene, vitamin D and E bio-availabilities were lower in offspring receiving a D diet as compared to those receiving a C diet. Conclusion A VA-deficient diet during the perinatal period modifies the metabolism of this vitamin in the offspring. Isxmediated regulation of Bco1 and Scarb1 expression exists only in males severely deficient in this vitamin. Severe VA deficiency impairs beta-carotene and vitamin D and E bioavailability.

Automated summary

Perinatal deficiency of vitamin A affects the metabolism of this vitamin in the offspring, particularly in males severely deficient in this vitamin. Additionally, severe vitamin A deficiency impairs the bioavailability of beta-carotene and vitamins D and E.