Bearing-Fault Diagnosis with Signal-to-RGB Image Mapping and Multichannel Multiscale Convolutional Neural Network

Deep learning bearing-fault diagnosis has shown strong vitality in recent years. In industrial practice, the running state of bearings is monitored by collecting data from multiple sensors, for instance, the drive end, the fan end, and the base. Given the complexity of the operating conditions and the limited number of bearing-fault samples, obtaining complementary fault features using the traditional fault-diagnosis method, which uses statistical characteristic in time or frequency, is difficult and relies heavily on prior knowledge. In addition, intelligent bearing-fault diagnosis based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) has several deficiencies, such as single-scale fixed convolutional kernels, excessive dependence on experts' experience, and a limited capacity for learning a small training dataset. Considering these drawbacks, a novel intelligent bearing-fault-diagnosis method based on signal-to-RGB image mapping (STRIM) and multichannel multiscale CNN (MCMS-CNN) is proposed. First, the signals from three different sensors are converted into RGB images by the STRIM method to achieve feature fusion. To extract RGB image features effectively, the proposed MCMS-CNN is established, which can automatically learn complementary and abundant features at different scales. By increasing the width and decreasing the depth of the network, the overfitting caused by the complex network for a small dataset is eliminated, and the fault classification capability is guaranteed simultaneously. The performance of the method is verified through the Case Western Reserve University's (CWRU) bearing dataset. Compared with different DL approaches, the proposed approach can effectively realize fault diagnosis and substantially outperform other methods.

Automated summary

Deep learning bearing-fault diagnosis has shown strong vitality in recent years. A novel intelligent bearing-fault diagnosis method based on signal-to-RGB image mapping (STRIM) and multichannel multiscale CNN (MCMS-CNN) is proposed to overcome the limitations of traditional fault-diagnosis methods and existing intelligent bearing-fault diagnosis approaches. The proposed method achieves feature fusion by converting signals from multiple sensors into RGB images and effectively extracts RGB image features using MCMS-CNN. Experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed method in fault diagnosis compared to other approaches.