☆ 4.5 Review

About Hydrophobicity of Lignin: A Review of Selected Chemical Methods for Lignin Valorisation in Biopolymer Production

ENERGIES (2022)

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Article Agricultural Engineering

Comparison of sulfomethylated lignin from poplar and masson pine on cellulase adsorption and the enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw

Mohan Li et al.

Summary: The addition of sulfomethylated lignins in enzymatic hydrolysis significantly improved substrate digestibility and sugar yield. Competitive adsorption between cellulase, substrate lignin, and SLs was suggested as a mechanism for the observed effects.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Lignin-derived materials and their applications in rechargeable batteries

Wei-Jing Chen et al.

Summary: Lignin, as the most abundant aromatic polymer in nature, has attracted worldwide attention for its potential in constructing high-performance rechargeable batteries due to its abundance, low cost, and environmentally friendly nature. Recent research has focused on lignin-derived materials in electrodes, binders, separators, and electrolytes for rechargeable batteries. Future development will continue to advance the application of lignin-derived materials in rechargeable batteries.

GREEN CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Article Agricultural Engineering

Application of lignin in preparation of slow-release fertilizer: Current status and future perspectives

Jiajun Lu et al.

Summary: Lignin, the most abundant renewable aromatic resource on Earth, is being utilized for producing bioproducts to support sustainable development. Studies on lignin-based slow-release fertilizer have increased due to its excellent properties in releasing nutrients slowly. By either physically impeding or chemically modifying the nutrients, lignin-based slow-release fertilizers are able to effectively release nutrients, promoting resource utilization and environmental protection.

INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Lignin-enriched residues from bioethanol production: Chemical characterization, isocyanate functionalization and oil structuring properties

Antonio M. Borrero-Lopez et al.

Summary: This study explores the potential of using lignin-enriched waste products from bioethanol production as thickeners for lubricating greases. The content of lignin and hydroxyl ratio were found to influence the NCO-functionalization and rheological response of the resulting oleogels, with barley straw residues exhibiting the highest storage modulus.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

A simple method for preparation of lignin/TiO2 nanocomposites by sulfonation degree regulation and their application in polyurethane films

Ze Yuan et al.

Summary: This study proposes a method to improve the applicability of waterborne polyurethane (WPU) by preparing lignin/TiO2 nanocomposite as an anti-UV additive. The results demonstrate that the performance of SKLs/TiO2 nanocomposite can be controlled by regulating the sulfonate group content on lignin molecular, and the use of this additive significantly enhances the UV resistance and mechanical properties of WPU.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

High-performance electrospun carbon fiber derived from lignin and metal composite

Yue Zhou et al.

Summary: Carbon fiber-derived materials, as a new type of functional material, show promise in electrocatalysis. In this study, waste lignin from the pulping industry was used to prepare lignin-based functional materials through electrospinning. The resulting nanocomposite fiber exhibited anisotropic network structure and improved conductivity, providing a convenient channel for electron transmission. The prepared LFC-Ni/Co showed good catalytic activity for both ORR and OER, suggesting its potential application in electrocatalysis.

IONICS (2022)

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Article Agriculture, Multidisciplinary

Pickering Emulsions Stabilized by an Alkyl Chain-Bridged Lignin-Based Polymer without Additives and Organic Solvents

Nanlong Hong

Summary: This study successfully prepared an alkyl chain-bridged lignin polymer and used an ultrafiltration method to classify it into three fractions with narrow molecular weight distribution. Novel Pickering emulsions without additives and organic solvents were prepared using these three fractions. The emulsion formulated with the highest molecular weight fraction showed the best performance, consisting of droplets. The study also investigated the effects of oil-water ratios and fraction-3 dosages on the emulsions. UV spectroscopy revealed strong absorption properties of the prepared emulsions, making them suitable for applications in cosmetics, particularly sunscreen creams. Furthermore, the Pickering emulsion was effective in delivering ibuprofen, achieving a high embedding rate of 10%. This suggests that lignin-based polymer-stabilized Pickering emulsions have potential for drug delivery.

JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Article Engineering, Chemical

Sulfonated lignin intercalated graphene oxide membranes for efficient proton conduction

Yiqin Liu et al.

Summary: By incorporating sulfonated lignin as an intercalator, highly conductive graphene oxide/sulfonated lignin membranes were prepared. These membranes exhibited high proton conductivity and maximum power density, attributed to the abundant sulfonic acid groups and ether bonds providing additional proton transfer sites, as well as the continuous proton transfer network.

JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Energy & Fuels

Sulfonated lignin modified with silane coupling agent as biodegradable shale inhibitor in water-based drilling fluid

Junlin Su et al.

Summary: Si-SL, as a biodegradable shale inhibitor, shows similar or even better inhibition performance compared to Ultrahib at normal temperature, with optimal temperature resistance. It can effectively prevent the migration of water molecules to the clay layer and has no toxicity and is easy to biodegrade.

JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Paper & Wood

Utilization of aminated lignin as an adsorbent to remove cationic and anionic dyes from aqueous solutions

Jiansong Chen et al.

Summary: Aminated lignin (AL) was synthesized and characterized as a novel sorbent with large surface area and porous structure. It exhibited high adsorption capacity for both cationic and anionic dyes, following pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir isotherm equation.

JOURNAL OF WOOD CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Polymer Science

Lignin-Based Materials for Sustainable Rechargeable Batteries

Han Young Jung et al.

Summary: This review discusses the significant scientific progress, challenges, and prospects of lignin-based materials in the field of rechargeable batteries. Lignin, a component of the secondary cell wall, is considered a promising biomass source with competitive pricing and diverse functional groups. The review explores the application of lignin-based materials in various battery components and compares their electrochemical behaviors with materials without lignin. It also categorizes current limitations and future prospects to guide the design of advanced lignin-based materials.

POLYMERS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

How far is Lignin from being a biomedical material?

Sigit Sugiarto et al.

Summary: The review highlights the potential of utilizing lignin as a versatile biomaterial and discusses the challenges and outlook in developing and enhancing biomaterials through chemical modifications of lignin.

BIOACTIVE MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Aminated lignin chelated metal derived bifunctional electrocatalyst with high catalytic performance

Ruoyu Dong et al.

Summary: This work proposes a surface modification strategy using lignin as a carbon source to control the aggregation of metal particles in M-C-N type catalysts. The introduction of amine groups with strong co-ordination ability allows for the chelation of metal within the carbon-based framework, resulting in smaller particle size and more uniform dispersion. The modified catalyst exhibits excellent catalytic activity, stability, and methanol resistance in oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions.

APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Lignin-based multi-scale cellular aerogels assembled from co-electrospun nanofibers for oil/water separation and energy storage

Meilian Cao et al.

Summary: In this study, lignin-based multi-scale cellular aerogels were successfully constructed. The aerogels exhibited excellent hydrophobicity and high adsorptive capacity, and could be carbonized to nitrogen-doped carbon aerogels. The nitrogen-doped carbon aerogels, with their multi-channel structures, showed a high energy density in supercapacitors.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Extraction and isolation of lignin from ash tree (Fraxinus exselsior) with protic ionic liquids (PILs)

Isa Hasanov et al.

Summary: This study investigated the extraction of lignin from ash tree hardwood biomass using three different PILs, with [Py][For] at 75 degrees C showing the highest percentage of lignin dissolution. This suggests that PILs could serve as effective solvents for Kraft lignin dissolution and separation from raw, milled biomass.

CHEMOSPHERE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Extraction and Surfactant Properties of Glyoxylic Acid-Functionalized Lignin

Stefania Bertella et al.

Summary: In this study, GA-lignin was extracted from lignin using a new method and its surface activity and stability in water/oil systems were evaluated. The results showed that GA-lignin exhibited good surface activity and stability, making it a potential candidate for the development of new bio-based surfactant products.

CHEMSUSCHEM (2022)

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Article Agricultural Engineering

Exploring the reactivity of aliphatic and phenolic hydroxyl groups in lignin hydrogenolysis oil towards urethane bond formation

M. Rubens et al.

Summary: Lignin, the second most abundant natural polymer, has been studied extensively as a source of polyol for lignin-based polyurethanes (PUs). The reactivity differences between aliphatic and aromatic hydroxyl groups with isocyanates were investigated using lignin model compounds and lignin hydrogenolysis oil. The results showed that aliphatic hydroxyl groups react faster with aromatic isocyanates, while aromatic hydroxyl groups react slower. The activation energies ranged from 39.5-55.2 kJ.mol(-1) and the reaction rate constants ranged from 5.19.10(-3) M1-n s(-1) to 1.0(4).10(-3) M1-n s(-1).

INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS (2022)

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Article Agricultural Engineering

Biobased rigid polyurethane foam using gradient acid precipitated lignin from the black liquor: Revealing the relationship between lignin structural features and polyurethane performances

Hui Cao et al.

Summary: This study investigates the characteristics of bio-sourced synthesized RPF using lignin fractionated from the alkaline black liquor of corn stover. Results show that lignin isolated in a specific pH range can improve the compressive strength, thermal stability, and reduce density and thermal conductivity of RPF. The research also explores the relationship between lignin structural features and RPF properties.

INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS (2022)

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Article Agricultural Engineering

From acetone fractionation to lignin-based phenolic and polyurethane resins

Maryam Arefmanesh et al.

Summary: This study used acetone fractionation to increase the homogeneity of softwood kraft lignin and develop new products. The acetone soluble and insoluble fractions were analyzed for their elemental composition, chemical structure, and thermal properties. The acetone soluble fraction showed an increase of 24% in phenolic hydroxyl content. It was used to replace phenol in phenolic resin, resulting in a higher adhesion strength. The acetone insoluble fraction, on the other hand, was used to replace petroleum-based polyol in polyurethane resin, with the help of a bio-derived solvent. Tailoring the structure of kraft lignin through solvent fractionation allowed for the replacement of two major petrochemicals in resin formulations, which would otherwise be challenging due to the heterogeneity of softwood kraft lignin.

INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Sustainable paper coating with enhanced barrier properties based on esterified lignin and PBAT blend

Rohan Shorey et al.

Summary: Pristine and esterified lignin were investigated as functional fillers for poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) based bioplastic paper coatings. The results showed that the addition of esterified lignin improved the dispersion and barrier properties of the coatings, making them sustainable and eco-friendly food contact materials.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Alkylation modification for lignin color reduction and molecular weight adjustment

Xiao Jiang et al.

Summary: An efficient crosslinking reaction using DMF and 1,6-dibromohexane was proposed to adjust the molecular weight and color of industrial kraft lignin. After alkylation modification, the molecular weights of lignin increased by 1643%, and the main types of linkages remained resinol, 13-aryl ether, and phenylcoumaran. The reduction in color was attributed to the low content of chromophores and low packing density of the alkylation lignin.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Microbial peroxide producing cell mediated lignin valorization

Dhruva Mukhopadhyay et al.

Summary: In this study, in-situ depolymerization of lignin was performed in a microbial peroxide-producing cell system, resulting in the generation of value-added products such as vanillin and p-coumaric acid.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

A review on lignin antioxidants: Their sources, isolations, antioxidant activities and various applications

Xinyu Lu et al.

Summary: This review summarizes the research progress on lignin antioxidants extracted from biomass resources, methods to improve their antioxidant activity, and their applications. Phenolic content is considered as the most important factor affecting lignin antioxidant activity, and studies have focused on pretreatments and post-processing methods to enhance their activity. Lignin is regarded as a potential natural antioxidant alternative and has the potential for application as an inexpensive antioxidant additive.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2022)

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Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Empowering alkali lignin with high performance in pickering emulsion by selective phenolation for the protection and controlled-release of agrochemical

Xiaona Yu et al.

Summary: Lignin, a versatile bioaromatic polymer, was modified by selective phenolation to enhance its phenolic hydroxyl content and achieve a more uniform structure. The resulting lignin particles were used to prepare Pickering emulsions for AVM encapsulation, leading to improved stability, anti-UV and anti-oxidant capacities. The encapsulation efficiency of AVM in the lignin-based Pickering emulsion was significantly increased, and the release of AVM could be controlled according to application demands.

JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION (2022)

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Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Lignin nanoparticles: New insights for a sustainable agriculture

Anderson do Espirito Santo Pereira et al.

Summary: The global agriculture sector is seeking new agricultural technology revolutions to meet the growing demand for food production and to protect the environment from harmful practices. Nanotechnology has emerged as a platform with the potential to transform the entire food chain, making agriculture more resilient and sustainable. Lignin nanoparticles offer potential applications in agriculture, particularly for environmentally friendly pesticide production.

JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Alkylated lignin with graft copolymerization for enhancing toughness of PLA

Nan Zhang et al.

Summary: A green modification method using alkylated lignin-lactide graft copolymer as a functional filler was established to effectively enhance the toughness of PLA packaging film. The resulting composite film showed excellent properties and can be used in the packaging field.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Studying the Suitability of Nineteen Lignins as Partial Polyol Replacement in Rigid Polyurethane/Polyisocyanurate Foam

Christian Henry et al.

Summary: In this study, 19 unmodified lignins from various sources and isolation processes were used to replace petroleum-based polyol in foam formulations. The properties of the resulting lignin-based foams were compared with a control foam. It was found that lignin-based foams with higher pH, potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, and aliphatic/p-hydroxyphenyl hydroxyl group contents exhibited better performance.

MOLECULES (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Lignin as a Natural Carrier for the Efficient Delivery of Bioactive Compounds: From Waste to Health

Federico Verdini et al.

Summary: Lignin, as a renewable source of aromatics, has huge potential in biomedical applications. Significant progress has been made in the isolation, functionalization, and modification of lignin and lignin-derived compounds to be used as carriers for biologically active substances. This review summarizes the current state of the art in lignin-based carrier systems, highlighting the most important results, and discusses the possibilities and constraints related to the physico-chemical properties of the lignin source.

MOLECULES (2022)

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Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Recent progress and challenges in biological degradation and biotechnological valorization of lignin as an emerging source of bioenergy: A state-of-the-art review

Gwon Woo Park et al.

Summary: This article provides a comprehensive review on biological approaches, such as enzymes and microorganisms, for lignin degradation. It also highlights recent advancements in biotechnological lignin valorization, including metabolic engineering for producing useful fuels and chemicals and the use of lignin-based hybrid materials for biosensor and biomedical applications. Future research directions and the potential of utilizing all components of lignocellulosic biomass in zero-waste refineries are discussed.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Applied

Synthesis of surface active agents from natural waste phenolics

Burcu Kangal Buyukdere et al.

Summary: This study utilized corn cob and tea leaves waste to extract phenolic substances, which were then modified to obtain surface active materials. The hydroxymethylation reactions were carried out to increase the reactivity and water solubility of the phenolics. The materials obtained behaved as non-ionic surfactants, except for the sulfonated tannin structure from tea waste, which exhibited an anionic surfactant structure.

TENSIDE SURFACTANTS DETERGENTS (2022)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Lignin Phenol Formaldehyde Resins Synthesised Using South African Spent Pulping Liquor

Chelaine Maree et al.

Summary: This study investigated the replacement of phenol with lignins, specifically soda lignin and sodium lignosulphonate, to produce lignin phenol formaldehyde (LPF) resins in the South African pulping industry. The results showed that soda lignin had the highest reactivity and could be used to produce LPF resins with desirable adhesive strength. Plywood and high-density particleboard made with LPF resins met the standard requirements.

WASTE AND BIOMASS VALORIZATION (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Lignin-Based Porous Biomaterials for Medical and Pharmaceutical Applications

Nan Nan et al.

Summary: Lignin-based porous biomaterials have strong potential applications in medicine, such as drug delivery, tissue engineering, and wound dressing. The addition of lignin can modify the materials' properties, while the size, shape, and distribution of pores determine the materials' porous structure and adsorption ability.

BIOMEDICINES (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Low-Molecular-Weight Lignin Recovery with Nanofiltration in the Kraft Pulping Process

Mariona Battestini Vives et al.

Summary: This study evaluates the use of nanofiltration for the separation and concentration of low-molecular-weight lignin from ultrafiltration permeate. The results show that nanofiltration process can produce a concentrated lignin fraction.

MEMBRANES (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Aminated lignin by ultrasonic method with enhanced arsenic (V) adsorption from polluted water

Qizhou Wu et al.

Summary: Aminated lignin was prepared using ultrasonic treatment at different frequencies, and the best adsorption capacity and regenerability for As(V) were found at a frequency of 32 kHz. The Langmuir model and pseudo-first-order/pseudo-second-order kinetics models were used to describe the adsorption process, indicating it is a physical/chemical process. This study provides a new idea for the development of lignin-based materials and offers an innovative approach for highly effective removal of As(V) from wastewater.

ADVANCED COMPOSITES AND HYBRID MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Agricultural Engineering

In-situ modification of lignin in alkaline-pretreated sugarcane bagasse by sulfomethylation and carboxymethylation to improve the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency

Wenjun Ying et al.

Summary: This study enhances glucose yields of alkaline-pretreated sugarcane bagasse by mitigating nonproductive adsorption of residual lignin through sulfomethylation and carboxymethylation.

INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Esterified Lignin from Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) as a Versatile Additive for Polylactic-Acid (PLA) Composites-The Effect of Artificial Weathering on its Performance

Ikenna Anugwom et al.

Summary: The demand for biobased additives in sustainable packaging and building materials has increased, and this study found that esterified lignin can effectively prevent the negative impact of weathering on polylactic-acid composites.

GLOBAL CHALLENGES (2022)

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Article Agricultural Engineering

Enhancing α-etherification of lignin in Eucalyptus diol pretreatment to improve lignin monomer production

Chengyu Dong et al.

Summary: In this study, the alpha-etherification of lignin in diol pretreatment was enhanced, resulting in efficient isolation of lignin and subsequent valorisation. The diol pretreatment removed over 90% of lignin from Eucalyptus, enabling a high conversion of cellulose. The catalytic transfer hydrogenolysis of the isolated lignin produced a significant monomer yield, which was five times higher than the yield from the technical ethanol process. The findings suggest that diol pretreatment can effectively isolate lignin for hydrogenolysis without compromising the yield of lignin and cellulose hydrolysis.

INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS (2022)

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Article Agricultural Engineering

Continuous recovery of high-purity Kraft lignin from black liquor via simultaneous, liquid-phase acidification and purification

Carter L. Fitzgerald et al.

Summary: The solvated liquid-lignin phase in the Sequential Liquid-Lignin Recovery and Purification (SLRP) process can be maintained by incorporating aqueous acetic acid from the Aqueous Lignin Purification with Hot Agents (ALPHA) process, leading to continuous operation and enhanced removal of metal impurities.

INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Amine-based pretreatments for lignocellulose fractionation and lignin valorization: a review

Samuel Ntakirutimana et al.

Summary: This article presents the current state of the art of amine-based pretreatments for lignocellulosic biomass, highlighting their role in component fractionation and biorefinery. The potential benefits of amine solvent systems in the fractionation process are discussed, along with existing challenges and future perspectives.

GREEN CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Lignin-based carbon fibers: Formation, modification and potential applications

Shichao Wang et al.

Summary: Lignin, as an aromatic polymer, has gained attention due to its high carbon content, low cost, and bio-renewability. However, most lignin is burned for power generation, with only a small amount used as a raw material. Increasing the added value of lignin to broaden its applications is a current challenge.

GREEN ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT (2022)

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Article Forestry

Co-curing of epoxy resins with aminated lignins: insights into the role of lignin homo crosslinking during lignin amination on the elastic properties

Marcus W. Ott et al.

Summary: The flexibility of the amines used for functionalization of lignin plays a predominant role in determining the elasticity of the resulting polymer. More flexible amines lead to increased elasticity, while less flexible amines result in a more rigid resin material. Atomic force microscopy confirmed that the intrinsic elasticities of the lignin domains are the main reason for this observed tendency.

HOLZFORSCHUNG (2021)

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Article Agricultural Engineering

Optimizing lignin extraction from Kraft black liquor using protic Ionic liquids

Fatemeh Saadat Ghareh Bagh et al.

Summary: A variety of protic ionic liquids were used to extract lignin from black liquor, with [Eth][Ac] showing the highest extraction efficiency. Optimization of extraction conditions can lead to improved lignin recovery. The experimental results confirmed the effectiveness of PILs for lignin extraction compared to traditional acidification-based methods.

BIOMASS & BIOENERGY (2021)

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Article Engineering, Multidisciplinary

One-pot depolymerization, demethylation and phenolation of lignin catalyzed by HBr under microwave irradiation for phenolic foam preparation

Cheng Gao et al.

Summary: In this study, HBr was used as a catalyst to enhance the reactivity of lignin, which was then directly used to prepare phenolic foams without purification. Under optimized conditions, the phenolic hydroxyl content increased while the methoxyl group content dropped, leading to improved performance of the modified lignin-based phenolic resin compared to unmodified resin.

COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Formulation, structure, and applications of therapeutic and amino acid-based deep eutectic solvents: An overview

Md Sajjadur Rahman et al.

Summary: Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are versatile alternatives in the design of greener chemicals, with therapeutic DES (THEDES) and amino acid-based DES (AADES) being reviewed as emerging and unconventional types. THEDES are primarily developed to enhance drug efficacy, while AADES have various applications in pharmaceuticals and other areas.

JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS (2021)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

The Mass Production of Lignin Fibres by Means of Needleless Electrospinning

P. Mikes et al.

Summary: Lignin, a cheap renewable natural polymer, can be utilized for the production of carbon fibers with faster conversion than polyacrylonitrile. This process involves fractionating lignin in solvents, selecting appropriate solvent systems for electrospinning, and testing the solutions for solubility and viscosity measurements. The resulting lignin fibers show potential for mass production and applications in batteries and composite materials.

JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT (2021)

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Review Polymer Science

Lignin-Based Polyurethane: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives

Xiaozhen Ma et al.

Summary: Lignin has been explored as a raw material for polyurethane synthesis due to its abundance, renewable nature, and surface hydroxyl groups. It offers superior product performance without competing with food supply. Challenges such as product isolation, heterogeneity, aggregation, steric hindrance, and low activity hinder its full utilization in polyurethane production.

MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Agricultural Engineering

Demethylation, phenolation, and depolymerization of lignin for the synthesis of lignin-based epoxy resin via a one-pot strategy

Xiang Zhen et al.

Summary: A one-pot method for synthesizing demethylated-phenolated lignin (DPL) and demethylated-phenolated lignin based epoxy resin (DPLINP) using phenol as a phenolic reagent was proposed. The introduction of phenol significantly reduced polycondensation, decreased molecular weight, and increased phenolic hydroxyl content in DPL compared with DL and PL. The resulting DPLINP exhibited improved mechanical performance and thermal stability.

INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS (2021)

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Article Agricultural Engineering

Oxidative depolymerization of lignin using nitric acid under ambient conditions

Zaid Ahmad et al.

Summary: This study demonstrated an innovative and cost-effective strategy to produce high-value depolymerized kraft lignin from softwood kraft lignin and hardwood kraft lignin. The depolymerization process resulted in products with lower molecular weight, higher carboxylic acid group content, and increased water solubility compared to the original lignins.

INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS (2021)

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Article Agricultural Engineering

Green and facile synthesis of aminated lignin-silver complex and its antibacterial activity

Jiansong Chen et al.

Summary: In this study, aminated lignin-silver complex was prepared as an effective antibacterial agent using kraft lignin. The complex showed antibacterial activity against various bacteria, making it a potential green alternative to silver nanoparticles.

INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS (2021)

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Article Agricultural Engineering

Hydrophobic modification of lignin for rubber composites

Rohan Shorey et al.

Summary: Lignin, as the second most abundant natural biopolymer, has drawn significant interest for material applications, however, its hydrophilicity and poor dispersibility have limited its wide scale application. The novel silylation reaction was successfully employed to enhance the hydrophobicity of kraft lignin, demonstrating improvements in wettability and dispersibility in natural rubber composites. The incorporation of modified lignin showed enhanced mechanical properties in composites, highlighting its potential as a valuable additive.

INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Effective Lignin Utilization Strategy: Major Depolymerization Technologies, Purification Process and Production of Valuable Material

Pallabi Sinha Roy et al.

Summary: Despite the distinct advantages of lignin compared to fossil-based molecules, its complex structure and purification difficulties have hindered widespread commercialization. Ongoing research aims to find ways to depolymerize lignin for the production of various aromatic chemicals.

CHEMISTRY LETTERS (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Preparation of a novel lignin-based flame retardant for epoxy resin

Dingxiang Liang et al.

Summary: A renewable and eco-friendly lignin-based flame retardant was prepared and significantly improved the flame retardant performance of epoxy resin. It showed excellent smoke suppression effect and low heat release rate, indicating its potential as a promising flame retardant material.

MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS (2021)

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Article Engineering, Chemical

Dispersion performance of hydroxypropyl sulfonated lignin in aluminum oxide suspension

Lauren Skye Puumala et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the adsorption, dispersion characteristics, and stability of hydroxypropyl sulfonated lignin (HSL) in comparison with lignosulfonate (LS). The results showed similar effects in adsorption behavior and stability between HSL and LS. HSL, as an environmentally friendly alternative, has the potential to be an effective substitute for commercial lignosulfonate dispersants.

SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Polymer Science

Sustainable Esterification of a Soda Lignin with Phloretic Acid

Antoine Adjaoud et al.

Summary: A sustainable chemical process was developed through the Fischer esterification of Protobind(R) lignin and phloretic acid. The main factor influencing the reaction yield was found to be the initial molar ratio between the two precursors. The esterified lignin showed high solubility in common organic solvents and improved thermal stability, indicating potential for composite and thermoset applications.

POLYMERS (2021)

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Article Agronomy

Converting lignin into long-chain fatty acids with the electro-Fenton reaction

Shuai Zhang et al.

Summary: The lack of effective lignin valorization technology is a major barrier to utilizing lignocellulose for biofuels and biochemicals. This study introduces a new technology using electro-Fenton reaction to convert lignin into long-chain fatty acids, offering an environment-friendly route for the direct conversion of lignin into high-value added products.

GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY BIOENERGY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Reactivity of Aliphatic and Phenolic Hydroxyl Groups in Kraft Lignin towards 4,4′ MDI

Leonardo Dalseno Antonino et al.

Summary: Research has been conducted on the reactivity of lignin towards diisocyanates, revealing different reactivities of hydroxyl groups in kraft lignin towards MDI. The findings might provide support for new PU developments involving unmodified lignin or MDI-functionalized biopolymers.

MOLECULES (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Lignin and Lignin-Derived Compounds for Wood Applications-A Review

Johannes Karthaeuser et al.

Summary: Improving the environmental performance of resins in wood treatment with renewable chemicals is a popular topic, while lignin, the second most abundant biomass, is mainly used energetically despite its potential applications in wood adhesives and modification. Commercial availability of lignin-derived wood products remains limited despite scientific attention.

MOLECULES (2021)

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Review Environmental Sciences

Review of life cycle assessments of lignin and derived products: Lessons learned

Christian Moretti et al.

Summary: This article critically reviews forty-two peer-reviewed LCAs regarding lignin and derived products, highlighting the significant factors influencing the environmental performance of lignin-based products and providing recommendations for LCA practitioners to increase consistency in environmental claims. The findings suggest that the environmental performance of lignin-based products is significantly affected by various factors, including methodological issues and technical aspects, with lignin-based products often offering better environmental performances than fossil-based products, especially for climate change.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2021)

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Article Agronomy

Rapid non-destructive analysis of lignin using NIR spectroscopy and chemo-metrics

Xin Wu et al.

Summary: Lignin accumulation in pears affects flavor and quality, necessitating a fast and accurate method for measuring lignin content. The FRCBOSS method combined with NIR technology offers a more accurate and rapid analysis of lignin content.

FOOD AND ENERGY SECURITY (2021)

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Article Engineering, Chemical

Revealing of Supercritical Water Gasification Process of Lignin by Reactive Force Field Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Veerapandian Ponnuchamy et al.

Summary: Gasification of lignin using supercritical water was studied through reactive force field molecular dynamics simulations. Results showed reaction and decomposition of lignin model starting at 2000 K, with the formation of guaiacol and 1,3-benzodioxole. Above 2500 K, H-2, CO, and CO2 were predominantly formed with water molecules contributing hydrogen and oxygen.

PROCESSES (2021)

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Review Engineering, Chemical

Systematic Review on Isolation Processes for Technical Lignin

Marlene Kienberger et al.

Summary: This article reviews technologies for isolating lignin from pulping processes, comparing different processes and highlighting the limitations of data availability in existing literature. Key output includes a technology summary of state-of-the-art processes for technical lignins, outlining the pros and cons of each.

PROCESSES (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Enhancing the Radical Scavenging Activity and UV Resistance of Lignin Nanoparticles via Surface Mannich Amination toward a Biobased Antioxidant

Weijun Yang et al.

Summary: This study successfully prepared lignin nanoparticles through acid treatment and surface amination modification, and evaluated their antioxidant properties. The results showed that the modified a-LNPs exhibited more significant antioxidant activity and higher UV resistance performance.

BIOMACROMOLECULES (2021)

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Review Materials Science, Paper & Wood

Lignin Functionalization Strategies and the Potential Applications of Its Derivatives-A Review

Maria Juliane Suota et al.

Summary: Lignin is a crucial carbon source with potential for a wide range of industrial applications, but its heterogeneity, variability, and low reactivity limit its current uses. Various modification technologies have been developed to enhance lignin's suitability for a broader industrial applications.

BIORESOURCES (2021)

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Article Agricultural Engineering

Analysis of phenolation potential of spruce kraft lignin and construction of its molecular structure model

Hao-Nan Zhang et al.

Summary: The study explored the phenolation potential of industrial spruce kraft lignin in a phase separation system, achieving effective modification of lignin by controlling sulfuric acid concentration and preserving its structure. Through p-cresol treatment, a higher activity industrial lignin was obtained.

INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Synthesis of sulfonated lignin-derived ordered mesoporous carbon for catalytic production of furfural from xylose

Xiaoqi Wang et al.

Summary: By synthesizing sulfonated lignin-derived ordered mesoporous carbon solid acid using the EISA method, a high xylose conversion rate and furfural yield were achieved. The catalyst showed excellent stability and reusability, making it suitable for catalytic conversion of xylan.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2021)

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Article Agriculture, Multidisciplinary

Enhanced Fenton Reaction for Xenobiotic Compounds and Lignin Degradation Fueled by Quinone Redox Cycling by Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenases

Fei Li et al.

Summary: The Fenton reaction is crucial in wood-decaying fungi, and it is induced mainly through quinone redox cycling in fungi. This study found that lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) can work with glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) to enhance the Fenton reaction by oxidizing hydroquinone. The generated hydroxyl radicals in the system have the potential for decolorizing dyes and degrading lignin, suggesting a new role for LPMOs in xenobiotic compound and lignin degradation in fungi.

JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Esterified Lignin in Various Polymer Blends

Alexander Orebom et al.

Summary: The study successfully prepared lignin esters by modifying lignin with fatty acids, and incorporated them into different thermoplastic polymers to improve dispersibility while maintaining tensile properties. The results demonstrate significant impacts of lignin esters on the thermal and mechanical behavior of the blends.

MOLECULES (2021)

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Article Polymer Science

Fabrication, Modification, and Characterization of Lignin-Based Electrospun Fibers Derived from Distinctive Biomass Sources

Amina Abdel Meguid Attia et al.

Summary: In this study, new lignin-based spun fibers were produced for potential applications in dye removal, with lignin extracted from renewable and waste sources. Various methods were used to modify the fibers and evaluate their performance, ultimately showing promising adsorption capabilities for MB dye removal in a hybrid composite made from OBBL/PET fibers.

POLYMERS (2021)

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Article Polymer Science

Esterification of Lignin Isolated by Deep Eutectic Solvent Using Fatty Acid Chloride, and Its Composite Film with Poly(lactic acid)

Chan-Woo Park et al.

Summary: The study investigated the effect of lignin esterification with fatty acid chloride on the properties of lignin and lignin/PLA composites. It was found that esterified lignin/PLA composites exhibited cleaner and smoother morphological characteristics, higher tensile strength, and elastic modulus compared to non-esterified composites. Esterification also reduced water absorption and improved the compatibility of lignin and PLA.

POLYMERS (2021)

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Article Polymer Science

Thermal, Physical and Mechanical Properties of Poly(Butylene Succinate)/Kenaf Core Fibers Composites Reinforced with Esterified Lignin

Harmaen Ahmad Saffian et al.

Summary: The study demonstrated that incorporating modified lignin and kenaf core fibers can significantly enhance the thermal and mechanical properties of PBS composites, while also increasing the tensile strength. PBS composites reinforced with 30 wt% ML and 20 wt% KCF exhibited the highest Izod impact strength. The thermal conductivity of the composites ranged from 0.0903 to 0.0983 W/mK, indicating great potential as a heat insulator.

POLYMERS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Technical Lignin Valorization in Biodegradable Polyester-Based Plastics (BPPs)

Si-Jie Zhou et al.

Summary: Synthetic plastics have had a profound impact on the planet, bringing convenience while also posing environmental challenges. Biodegradable plastics are seen as sustainable alternatives, and blending them with low-cost fillers can reduce costs. Technical lignin as a coproduct can enhance the economic competitiveness of composites, but the main obstacle lies in the incompatibility between lignin and plastics.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Microwave-Assisted Sulfonation of Lignin for the Fabrication of a High-Performance Dye Dispersant

Xiao Xiao et al.

Summary: The study found that 1,4-butanesultone was the most effective sulfonation reagent for lignin, producing a sulfonated product with high molecular weight and sulfonic group content, enhancing dispersibility and improving dyeing rate. The sulfonation by 1,4-butanesultone can decrease the phenolic hydroxyl content of lignin, preventing the adsorption of the dispersant on fibers and reducing fiber staining during dyeing process.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Lignin-Based Additives for Improved Thermo-Oxidative Stability of Biolubricants

Monika A. Jedrzejczyk et al.

Summary: Biobased lubricants, such as vegetable oils, are environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-based lubricants, but their lack of thermo-oxidative stability limits their applications. This study demonstrates the successful incorporation of lignin-based antioxidants in biolubricant formulations, improving their thermo-oxidative stability and lubricating properties.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Lignin amination valorization: heterogeneous catalytic synthesis of aniline and benzylamine from lignin-derived chemicals

Yue Rong et al.

Summary: This paper reviews the progress in the synthesis of valuable chemicals or biofuels from lignin through oxidation/reduction depolymerization. It also highlights the lack of research on converting lignin derivatives to nitrogen-containing compounds and proposes novel perspectives for further expanding the boundaries of lignin amination chemistry in biomass refining systems.

GREEN CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Molecular-Level Insights into the Formation of Traditional and Novel Halogenated Disinfection Byproducts

Reid P. Milstead et al.

Summary: The composition and reactivity of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in drinking water varies significantly, especially among groundwater sources. Both known and novel disinfection byproducts (DBPs) share similar aromatic precursors, suggesting that trihalomethanes can be used as a proxy for the formation of high molecular weight (HMW) DBPs.

ACS ES&T WATER (2021)

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Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Chemically Modified Lignin: Correlation between Structure and Biodegradability

Meifeng Wang et al.

Summary: This study experimentally confirmed that increasing the hydroxylation level of lignin could promote the microbial degradation rate of lignin. It also indicated that a higher content of hydroxyl groups in lignin facilitated the demethylation and aromatic ring cracking during the degradation process in the presence of fungi and bacteria.

JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Simultaneous extraction and controlled chemical functionalization of hardwood lignin for improved phenolation

Stefania Bertella et al.

Summary: Lignin, with its natural abundance and aromatic structure, shows potential as a replacement for fossil-based materials, although challenges such as difficult isolation and uncontrollable side reactions remain. The use of aldehyde-assisted fractionation (AAF) allows for extraction of lignin while preventing condensation reactions and introducing new functional groups, offering possibilities for developing more sustainable resins and materials.

GREEN CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Guidelines for performing lignin-first biorefining

Mahdi M. Abu-Omar et al.

Summary: The valorisation of lignin is crucial for the economic viability of the lignocellulosic biorefining industry. The lignin-first biorefining approach, which considers lignin valorisation in the design phase, has been shown to make the fullest use of lignocellulose. Despite the diverse approaches to reporting and analyzing results from lignin-first methods, we propose guidelines for analyzing critical data in order to facilitate direct comparisons between studies.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Acoustics

High-intensity ultrasound-assisted formation of cellulose nanofiber scaffold with low and high lignin content and their cytocompatibility with gingival fibroblast cells

Raquel Razzera Huerta et al.

ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Organic acids as a greener alternative for the precipitation of hardwood kraft lignins from the industrial black liquor

Silvia Helena Fuentes da Silva et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Lignin-Inorganic Interfaces: Chemistry and Applications from Adsorbents to Catalysts and Energy Storage Materials

Tetyana M. Budnyak et al.

CHEMSUSCHEM (2020)

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Article Polymer Science

The copolymer of polyvinyl acetate containing lignin-vinyl acetate monomer: Synthesis and characterization

Nana Zhang et al.

EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL (2020)

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Article Polymer Science

Structure-tunable assembly of lignin sub-micro spheres by modifying the amphiphilic interfaces of lignin via n-alkane

Bingqi Li et al.

EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

High-value utilization of hydroxymethylated lignin in polyurethane adhesives

Yinchen Chen et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Basic understanding of the color distinction of lignin and the proper selection of lignin in color-depended utilizations

Hui Zhang et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Recent developments in modification of lignin using ionic liquids for the fabrication of advanced materials-A review

Tadeusz Jan Szalaty et al.

JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Agglomeration of Viruses by Cationic Lignin Particles for Facilitated Water Purification

Guillaume N. Riviere et al.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2020)

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Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Global lignin supply overview and kraft lignin potential as an alternative for petroleum-based polymers

Luana Dessbesell et al.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2020)

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Article Engineering, Chemical

Process development for separation of lignin from OrganoCat lignocellulose fractionation using antisolvent precipitation

Arne Holtz et al.

SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY (2020)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Interaction of Silver-Lignin Nanoparticles With Mammalian Mimetic Membranes

Javier Hoyo et al.

FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Electrospun Lignin-Based Carbon Nanofibers as Supercapacitor Electrodes

Mengni Zhu et al.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2020)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Development of 'Lignin-First' Approaches for the Valorization of Lignocellulosic Biomass

Tamas I. Koranyi et al.

MOLECULES (2020)

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Review Agricultural Engineering

Technical lignin and its potential modification routes: A mini-review

Armin Eraghi Kazzaz et al.

INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Electrospun Lignin-Derived Carbon Micro- and Nanofibers: A Review on Precursors, Properties, and Applications

Efstratios Svinterikos et al.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2020)

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Article Engineering, Chemical

Melt Stable Functionalized Organosolv and Kraft Lignin Thermoplastic

Shubhankar Bhattacharyya et al.

PROCESSES (2020)

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Article Forestry

Why Can We Make Anything from Lignin Except Money? Towards a Broader Economic Perspective in Lignin Research

Julia Wenger et al.

CURRENT FORESTRY REPORTS (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Lignin Functionalization for the Production of Novel Materials

Stefania Bertella et al.

TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Downstream processing of lignin derived feedstock into end products

Sie Shing Wong et al.

CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Dehydroxyalkylative halogenation of C(aryl)-C bonds of aryl alcohols

Mingyang Liu et al.

CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

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Article Energy & Fuels

Utilization of lignin: A sustainable and eco-friendly approach

Adarsh Kumar et al.

JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE (2020)

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Review Agricultural Engineering

From lignin to valuable products-strategies, challenges, and prospects

Hongliang Wang et al.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2019)

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Review Agricultural Engineering

A review on lignin structure, pretreatments, fermentation reactions and biorefinery potential

Vinoth Kumar Ponnusamy et al.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Lignin for white natural sunscreens

Sang Cheon Lee et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Investigation of accelerated aging of lignin-containing polymer materials

M. Goliszek et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2019)

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Article Materials Science, Paper & Wood

Compatibility of Kraft Lignin, Organosolv Lignin and Lignosulfonate With PLA in 3D Printing

Vebi Mimini et al.

JOURNAL OF WOOD CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY (2019)

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Review Biochemical Research Methods

Lignin polymerization: how do plants manage the chemistry so well?

Yuki Tobimatsu et al.

CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY (2019)

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Review Biochemical Research Methods

Reductive catalytic fractionation: state of the art of the lignin-first biorefinery

Tom Renders et al.

CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY (2019)

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Article Polymer Science

Agricultural residue-derived lignin as the filler of polylactic acid composites and the effect of lignin purity on the composite performance

Yiwei Gao et al.

JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE (2019)

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Editorial Material Polymer Science

Hydrophilic Polymers

Bernhard V. K. J. Schmidt

POLYMERS (2019)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Lignin-Based Electrospun Carbon Nanofibers

Manish Kumar et al.

FRONTIERS IN MATERIALS (2019)

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Review Agricultural Engineering

Recent advancement in lignin biorefinery: With special focus on enzymatic degradation and valorization

Chong Li et al.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2019)

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Article Materials Science, Paper & Wood

Assessing the opportunities for applying deep eutectic solvents for fractionation of beech wood and wheat straw

Michal Jablonsky et al.

CELLULOSE (2019)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Valorization of lignin in polymer and composite systems for advanced engineering applications - A review

Maurice N. Collins et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2019)

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Review Polymer Science

Lignin Biopolymers in the Age of Controlled Polymerization

Mitra S. Ganewatta et al.

POLYMERS (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Selective Production of Diethyl Maleate via Oxidative Cleavage of Lignin Aromatic Unit

Zhenping Cai et al.

CHEM (2019)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Integrating softwood biorefinery lignin into polyhydroxybutyrate composites and application in 3D printing

Alankar A. Vaidya et al.

MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS (2019)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Performance of three delignifying pretreatments on hardwoods: hydrolysis yields, comprehensive mass balances, and lignin properties

Aditya Bhalla et al.

BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS (2019)

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Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Recent progress in the thermal and catalytic conversion of lignin

Jeong-Myeong Ha et al.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2019)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Assessment and Interpretation of Surface Wettability Based on Sessile Droplet Contact Angle Measurement: Challenges and Opportunities

Chun Haow Kung et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES (2019)

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Review Agricultural Engineering

A review on biopolymer production via lignin valorization

J. Rajesh Banu et al.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

One-pot preparation of zwitterion-type lignin polymers

Yanzhu Guo et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Lignin: A Biopolymer from Forestry Biomass for Biocomposites and 3D Printing

Mihaela Tanase-Opedal et al.

MATERIALS (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Electrospun lignin-based twisted carbon nanofibers for potential microelectrodes applications

Julien Roman et al.

CARBON (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Thermoelectric properties of electrospun carbon nanofibres derived from lignin

Niall Dalton et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2019)

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Review Engineering, Chemical

Lignin-based copolymer adhesives for composite wood panels - A review

Aik Fei Ang et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADHESION AND ADHESIVES (2019)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Grafting strategies for hydroxy groups of lignin for producing materials

Armin Eraghi Kazzaz et al.

GREEN CHEMISTRY (2019)

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Article Polymer Science

Alkylated alkali lignin for compatibilizing agents of carbon fiber-reinforced plastics with polypropylene

Hiroki Sakai et al.

POLYMER JOURNAL (2018)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Sustainable Hydrogels Based on Lignin-Methacrylate Copolymers with Enhanced Water Retention and Tunable Material Properties

Kalavathy Rajan et al.

BIOMACROMOLECULES (2018)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Synthesis and characterization of water-soluble PEGylated lignin-based polymers by macromolecular azo coupling reaction

Jilei Wang et al.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2018)

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Article Polymer Science

On the role of hydrogen bonding on water absorption in polymers

Pierre Gilormini et al.

POLYMER (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The biomass distribution on Earth

Yinon M. Bar-On et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2018)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Properties and chemical modifications of lignin: Towards lignin-based nanomaterials for biomedical applications

Patricia Figueiredo et al.

PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE (2018)

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Article Polymer Science

Azo Coupling Reaction Induced Macromolecular Self-Assembly in Aqueous Solution

Shang Li et al.

ACS MACRO LETTERS (2018)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Phenolation to Improve Lignin Reactivity toward Thermosets Application

Xiao Jiang et al.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2018)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Lignin-first biorefinery: a reusable catalyst for lignin depolymerization and application of lignin oil to jet fuel aromatics and polyurethane feedstock

Yong Huang et al.

SUSTAINABLE ENERGY & FUELS (2018)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Ultraviolet Curable Coatings of Modified Lignin

Soheil Hajirahimkhan et al.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2018)

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Review Materials Science, Paper & Wood

Lignin Modifications and Perspectives towards Applications of Phenolic Foams: A Review

Carolina Londono-Zuluaga et al.

BIORESOURCES (2018)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

A Convergent Approach for a Deep Converting Lignin-First Biorefinery Rendering High-Energy-Density Drop-in Fuels

Zhengwen Cao et al.

JOULE (2018)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Solar energy-driven lignin-first approach to full utilization of lignocellulosic biomass under mild conditions

Xuejiao Wu et al.

NATURE CATALYSIS (2018)

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Article Engineering, Chemical

Determination of Phenolic Hydroxyl Groups in Technical Lignins by Ionization Difference Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry (Δε-IDUS method)

Werner Marcelo Goldmann et al.

PERIODICA POLYTECHNICA-CHEMICAL ENGINEERING (2017)

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Editorial Material Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Lignin-first biomass fractionation: the advent of active stabilisation strategies

T. Renders et al.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2017)

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Article Energy & Fuels

Higher heating values of lignin types from wood and non-wood lignocellulosic biomasses

Ayhan Demirbas

ENERGY SOURCES PART A-RECOVERY UTILIZATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS (2017)

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Article Agricultural Engineering

Characterisation of lignins from different sources by appropriate analytical methods: Introducing thermogravimetric analysis-thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy

D. R. Naron et al.

INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS (2017)

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Article Polymer Science

Replacing 100% of phenol in phenolic adhesive formulations with lignin

Somayyeh Kalami et al.

JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE (2017)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Hydrophobic Ceramic Membranes for Water Desalination

Joanna Kujawa et al.

APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL (2017)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Production and Application of Lignosulfonates and Sulfonated Lignin

Thomas Aro et al.

CHEMSUSCHEM (2017)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Correlation Between Lignin Physicochemical Properties and Inhibition to Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cellulose

Qiang Yang et al.

BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING (2016)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Nitro Lignin-Derived Nitrogen-Doped Carbon as an Efficient and Sustainable Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction

Micaela Graglia et al.

ACS NANO (2016)

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Article Agricultural Engineering

Comparison of lignin extraction processes: Economic and environmental assessment

Juan C. Carvajal et al.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2016)

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Hydrothermal Gasification Performance of Iranian Rice Straw in Supercritical Water Media for Hydrogen-Rich Gas Production

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Effective Release of Lignin Fragments from Lignocellulose by Lewis Acid Metal Triflates in the Lignin-First Approach

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Synergistic enzymatic and microbial lignin conversion

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Combination of lignin polyol-tannin adhesives and polyethylenimine for the preparation of green water-resistant adhesives

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Methylation of softwood kraft lignin with dimethyl carbonate

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Kraft lignin as filler in PLA to improve ductility and thermal properties

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INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS (2015)

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Conversion of technical lignins to functional materials with retained polymeric properties

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Water-surface interactions and definitions for hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity and superhydrophobicity

Kock-Yee Law

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Preparation of Photoresponsive Azo Polymers Based on Lignin, a Renewable Biomass Resource

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APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS (2014)

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Isolation of high quality lignin as a by-product from ammonia percolation pretreatment of poplar wood

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Fractionation of Technical Lignin: Molecular Mass and pH Effects

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Modification of industrial softwood kraft lignin using Mannich reaction with and without phenolation pretreatment

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Evaluation of industrial lignins for biocomposites production

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INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS (2014)

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Definitions for Hydrophilicity, Hydrophobicity, and Superhydrophobicity: Getting the Basics Right

Kock-Yee Law

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Investigation and Characterization of Lignin Precipitation in the LignoBoost Process

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Synthesis, Structure, and Dispersion Property of a Novel Lignin-Based Polyoxyethylene Ether from Kraft Lignin and Poly(ethylene glycol)

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Modification of the Lignin Structure during Alkaline Delignification of Eucalyptus Wood by Kraft, Soda-AQ, and Soda-O2 Cooking

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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH (2013)

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Adding value to lignins isolated from sugarcane bagasse and Miscanthus

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Functionalization of lignin: Fundamental studies on aqueous graft copolymerization with vinyl acetate

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Lignin valorization by forming toughened lignin-co-polymers: Development of hyperbranched prepolymers for cross-linking

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Isolation and purification of lignin and silica from the black liquor generated during the production of bioethanol from rice straw

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BIOMASS & BIOENERGY (2012)

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Lignin depolymerisation in supercritical carbon dioxide/acetone/water fluid for the production of aromatic chemicals

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BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2012)

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Excitation Dynamics in Low Band Gap Donor-Acceptor Copolymers and Blends

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Synthesis and properties of lignin-highly branched poly (ester-amine) polymeric systems

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BIOMASS & BIOENERGY (2011)

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Characterization of industrial lignins for their utilization in future value added applications

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BIOMASS & BIOENERGY (2011)

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Liquefaction of lignin by polyethyleneglycol and glycerol

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BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2011)

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Lignin Depolymerization and Conversion: A Review of Thermochemical Methods

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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (2011)

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Lignin oxidation mechanisms under oxygen delignification conditions. Part 1. Results from direct analyses

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Chemical and thermal characteristics of lignins isolated from Siam weed stem by acetic acid and formic acid delignification

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INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS (2010)

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Reactivity of long chain alkylamines to lignin moieties: Implications on hydrophobicity of lignocellulose materials

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Effect of hydrogen bond cooperativity on the behavior of water

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2010)

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Optimization Study of Lignin Oxypropylation in View of the Preparation of Polyurethane Rigid Foams

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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH (2009)

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Noncatalytic gasification of lignin in supercritical water

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Production of renewable phenolic resins by thermochemical conversion of biomass: A review

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RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2008)

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Correction Forestry

Lignin modification in the initial phase of softwood kraft pulp delignification with polyoxometalates (POMs) (vol 61, pg 492, 2007)

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HOLZFORSCHUNG (2007)

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Structural characterization of technical lignins for the production of adhesives:: Application to lignosulfonate, kraft, soda-anthraquinone, organosolv and ethanol process lignins

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Preparation and characterization of demethylated lignin-polyethylenimine adhesives

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Oxypropylation of lignins and preparation of rigid polyurethane foams from the ensuing polyols

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MACROMOLECULAR MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING (2005)

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Studies on ultrafiltration of spent sulfite liquor using various membranes for the recovery of lignosulphonates

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DESALINATION (2005)

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Hydrogen bonds in polymer blends

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PROGRESS IN POLYMER SCIENCE (2004)

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Towards a new concept of lignin condensation in kraft pulping. Initial results

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COMPTES RENDUS BIOLOGIES (2004)

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Use of organosolv lignin in phenol-formaldehyde resins for particleboard production -: I.: Organosolv lignin modified resins

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADHESION AND ADHESIVES (2002)

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Use of organosolv lignin in phenol-formaldehyde resins for particleboard production -: II.: Particleboard production and properties

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADHESION AND ADHESIVES (2002)

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Effects of NCO/OH molar ratio on structure and properties of graft-interpenetrating polymer networks from polyurethane and nitrolignin

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POLYMER (2002)

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Effects of hard-segment compositions on properties of polyurethane-nitrolignin films

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JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE (2001)

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