期刊
EMBO JOURNAL
卷 41, 期 23, 页码 -出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022112338
关键词
High-throughput screen; Hnrnpk; Neurodegeneration; Prion; Protein aggregation
资金
- European Research Council (ERC Prion2020) [670958]
- Swiss National Research Foundation [179040]
- Nomis Foundation
- Swiss Personalized Health Network (SPHN) [2017DRI17]
- European Research Council (ERC) [670958] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
A genome-wide RNAi screening using the high-throughput prion measurement method QUIPPER identified 1,191 modulators of prion propagation. Among them, 20 genes were found to increase prion production when suppressed. Furthermore, a ribonucleoprotein Hnrnpk was identified as a prominent limiter of prion propagation.
A defining characteristic of mammalian prions is their capacity for self-sustained propagation. Theoretical considerations and experimental evidence suggest that prion propagation is modulated by cell-autonomous and non-autonomous modifiers. Using a novel quantitative phospholipase protection assay (QUIPPER) for high-throughput prion measurements, we performed an arrayed genome-wide RNA interference (RNAi) screen aimed at detecting cellular host-factors that can modify prion propagation. We exposed prion-infected cells in high-density microplates to 35,364 ternary pools of 52,746 siRNAs targeting 17,582 genes representing the majority of the mouse protein-coding transcriptome. We identified 1,191 modulators of prion propagation. While 1,151 modified the expression of both the pathological prion protein, PrPSc, and its cellular counterpart, PrPC, 40 genes selectively affected PrPSc. Of the latter 40 genes, 20 augmented prion production when suppressed. A prominent limiter of prion propagation was the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein Hnrnpk. Psammaplysene A (PSA), which binds Hnrnpk, reduced prion levels in cultured cells and protected them from cytotoxicity. PSA also reduced prion levels in infected cerebellar organotypic slices and alleviated locomotor deficits in prion-infected Drosophila melanogaster expressing ovine PrPC. Hence, genome-wide QUIPPER-based perturbations can discover actionable cellular pathways involved in prion propagation. Further, the unexpected identification of a prion-controlling ribonucleoprotein suggests a role for RNA in the generation of infectious prions.
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