Drug-impaired driving and traffic collisions: Study on a cross section of the Italian population

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Lower prefrontal cortical synaptic vesicle binding in cocaine use disorder: An exploratory 11C-UCB-J positron emission tomography study in humans

Gustavo A. Angarita et al.

Summary: The study found lower synaptic density in the PFC of individuals with CUD. Synaptic density was positively correlated with recent cocaine use frequency and negatively correlated with cocaine abstinence.

ADDICTION BIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Substance Abuse

Risky decision-making as an antecedent or consequence of adolescent cannabis use: findings from a 2-year longitudinal study

Ileana Pacheco-Colon et al.

Summary: This study found that poorer episodic memory in adolescents appears to be a consequence of cannabis use, while poor decision-making does not seem to be either a consequence of or a risk factor for escalating cannabis use or onset of cannabis use disorder among adolescents.

ADDICTION (2022)

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Article Substance Abuse

Cognition and Cortical Thickness in Heavy Cannabis Users

Miriam Wittemann et al.

Summary: This study found differences in verbal learning performance and verbal working memory between individuals with HCU and controls, as well as reduced CT in multiple brain regions for those with HCU. Specifically, reductions in right entorhinal and left orbitofrontal CT were associated with verbal learning performance, and entorhinal CT was significantly associated with current weekly cannabis use amount and frequency.

EUROPEAN ADDICTION RESEARCH (2021)

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Review Behavioral Sciences

Determining the magnitude and duration of acute Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC)-induced driving and cognitive impairment: A systematic and meta-analytic review

Danielle McCartney et al.

Summary: The study found that cannabis has acute effects on driving performance and related cognitive skills, with some measures showing impairment. Long-term cannabis users experienced less impairment compared to other users, and factors such as ingestion method, dosage, and time affected the duration of Delta(9)-THC's effects. The recommendations suggest waiting at least 5 hours after inhaling cannabis before engaging in safety-sensitive tasks.

NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Structural correlates of sensorimotor dysfunction in heavy cannabis users

Robert Christian Wolf et al.

Summary: This study investigated the relationships between neurological soft signs (NSS) and gray matter volume (GMV) in males with heavy cannabis use and controls. The results showed that individuals with heavy cannabis use exhibited higher NSS total scores and significant differences in various NSS subdomains compared to controls. Neuroimaging analysis revealed interactions between NSS and GMV in multiple brain regions, suggesting abnormal sensorimotor performance associated with heavy cannabis use.

ADDICTION BIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Geosciences, Multidisciplinary

A spatio-temporal model for detecting the effect of cocaine use disorder on functional connectivity

Jifang Zhao et al.

Summary: Drug addiction can lead to various health issues and social concerns, and there is interest in studying the link between long-term drug use and abnormal functional connectivity. Functional connectivity data from neuroimaging helps understand this association, but analyzing it is challenging due to complexity and dimensionality. By developing a spatio-temporal model, researchers can improve statistical inference accuracy for multi-subject neuroimage data and identify potential alterations in functional connectivity caused by substance abuse disorders like CUD.

SPATIAL STATISTICS (2021)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Cortical thickness and subcortical volume abnormalities in male crack-cocaine users

Augusto Martins Lucas Bittencourt et al.

Summary: The use of crack-cocaine poses a higher risk of abuse compared to other administration methods. Current treatments are unsatisfactory and there is still incomplete understanding of its neurotoxicity mechanisms. Studies on brain changes in crack-cocaine addicts show gray matter abnormalities, with a negative correlation found between duration of use and cortical thickness.

PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH-NEUROIMAGING (2021)

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Article Psychiatry

Association of Cannabis Use During Adolescence With Neurodevelopment

Matthew D. Albaugh et al.

Summary: The study highlights the association between cannabis use during adolescence and altered neurodevelopment, particularly in cortices rich in cannabinoid 1 receptors and undergoing the greatest age-related thickness change in middle to late adolescence.

JAMA PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Article Substance Abuse