4.5 Review

The Finnish genetic heritage in 2022-from diagnosis to translational research

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Article Obstetrics & Gynecology

Leveraging Northern European population history: novel low-frequency variants for polycystic ovary syndrome

Jaakko S. Tyrmi et al.

Summary: By leveraging the unique population history of Northern Europe, we have identified three novel genome-wide significant associations with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), including two putative independent causal variants in the CHEK2 gene and one variant near the MYO10 gene. This study encourages the use of isolated populations to uncover rare variants contributing to the genetic landscape of complex diseases like PCOS.

HUMAN REPRODUCTION (2022)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency: Expanding the clinical phenotype and novel laboratory findings

Paivi Vieira et al.

Summary: Cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK-C) deficiency is associated with childhood-onset hypoglycemia due to homozygous PCK1 variant, confirmed in Finnish patients. Abnormal urine organic acids, inadequate ketone body production during hypoglycemia, and morning predilection for hypoglycemic episodes were observed. Various triggers were identified, and some patients experienced neonatal hypoglycemia and hypoglycemic seizures. The study expands the phenotype and suggests that the risk of hypoglycemia may persist into adulthood with predisposing factors.

JOURNAL OF INHERITED METABOLIC DISEASE (2022)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Genetic associations of protein-coding variants in human disease

Benjamin B. Sun et al.

Summary: This study combines sequencing and genotyping data from two population biobanks to identify genetic associations with human diseases in the rare and low-frequency allelic spectrum, providing insights into disease biology and biomarker levels.

NATURE (2022)

Article Clinical Neurology

Serum Creatine, Not Neurofilament Light, Is Elevated in CHCHD10-Linked Spinal Muscular Atrophy

Julius Jarvilehto et al.

Summary: This study investigated serum biomarkers in patients with mitochondrial CHCHD10-linked spinal muscular atrophy Jokela (SMAJ) type. The study found alterations in NfL and GFAP levels in serum, as well as increased creatine kinase and changes in several metabolites. These findings suggest a metabolic shift and indicate the involvement of skeletal muscle in disease pathogenesis.

FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY (2022)

Article Clinical Neurology

Effectiveness of clinical exome sequencing in adult patients with difficult-to-diagnose neurological disorders

Markus T. Sainio et al.

Summary: Clinical diagnostics in adults with hereditary neurological diseases is complicated by clinical and genetic heterogeneity, as well as lifestyle effects. Here, we evaluate the effectiveness of exome sequencing in our difficult-to-diagnose adult patient cohort. The overall diagnostic yield of CES was 27%, with pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants found in various genes. Early CES is cost-effective in this patient group where diagnostic costs increase linearly with prolonged investigations.

ACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA (2022)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The mitochondrial coenzyme Q junction and complex III: biochemistry and pathophysiology

Rishi Banerjee et al.

Summary: Coenzyme Q is a crucial lipid in the mitochondrial electron transport system, serving as an electron carrier and acceptor for various dehydrogenases. Its metabolism is dependent on mitochondrial complex III for reoxidation. However, the role of CoQ-linked metabolism in human diseases of oxidative phosphorylation remains underexplored in the literature.

FEBS JOURNAL (2022)

Article Allergy

Uniting biobank resources reveals novel genetic pathways modulating susceptibility for atopic dermatitis

Eeva Sliz et al.

Summary: This study aimed to gain a better understanding of the genetic contribution to atopic dermatitis (AD) risk by utilizing biobank resources. Through a genome-wide meta-analysis, the researchers identified 30 loci associated with AD, including 5 novel loci. Two of the novel loci were found to have missense mutations in genes crucial to the integrity and strength of the epidermis. These findings provide insights into novel genetic pathways involved in AD pathophysiology and potential opportunities for future treatment strategies.

JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

Article Genetics & Heredity

Novel missense variants inPCK1gene cause cytosolic PEPCK deficiency with growth failure from inadequate caloric intake

Kimihiko Oishi et al.

Summary: Cytosolic PEPCK deficiency (PCKDC) is a rare autosomal recessive inborn error of metabolism characterized by hypoglycemia, lactic acidosis, and liver failure. Nutritional intervention can improve growth restriction symptoms, and timely clinical monitoring and molecular testing are crucial for preventing poor clinical outcomes.

JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS (2021)

Review Clinical Neurology

Aspartylglucosaminuria: Clinical Presentation and Potential Therapies

Kimberly Goodspeed et al.

Summary: Aspartylglucosaminuria (AGU) is a rare recessively inherited neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disease characterized by progressive cognitive decline, skeletal abnormalities, connective tissue overgrowth, gait disturbance, and early mortality. Early recognition of clinical features such as developmental delays and characteristic physical traits is crucial for timely diagnosis and intervention in AGU cases. Early diagnosis, while currently lacking curative options, may still provide benefits through guidance, expectation management, interventions, and preparation for future disease-modifying therapies.

JOURNAL OF CHILD NEUROLOGY (2021)

Article Genetics & Heredity

Exome sequencing reveals predominantly de novo variants in disorders with intellectual disability (ID) in the founder population of Finland

Irma Jarvela et al.

Summary: Research in the founder population of Finland revealed that de novo variants were the most common underlying cause of intellectual disability, with limited contribution of autosomal recessive intellectual disability to the etiology of ID, mainly influenced by founder and potential founder variations.

HUMAN GENETICS (2021)

Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Pre-clinical Gene Therapy with AAV9/AGA in Aspartylglucosaminuria Mice Provides Evidence for Clinical Translation

Xin Chen et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates that treatment with AAV9/AGA is effective and safe for Aga(-/-) mice, leading to increased AGA activity, elimination of substrate accumulation, improved locomotor function, and neuroprotection. This treatment approach can also aid in the development of treatments for other lysosomal storage diseases.

MOLECULAR THERAPY (2021)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Multi-OMICS study of a CHCHD10 variant causing ALS demonstrates metabolic rewiring and activation of endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial unfolded protein responses

Isabella R. Straub et al.

Summary: Mutations in the CHCHD10 gene can cause autosomal dominant amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, leading to metabolic dysfunction including reduced TCA cycle activity, reorganization of one carbon metabolism, and activation of unfolded protein responses in both the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. These changes contribute to the specific vulnerability of motor neurons.

HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS (2021)

Article Clinical Neurology

Expanding the phenotypic spectrum of BCS1L-related mitochondrial disease

Omar Hikmat et al.

Summary: This study delineates the full phenotypic spectrum of BCS1L-related disease, identifies the correlations between age of onset, specific variants, and clinical manifestations, and associates early presentation with poor prognosis. The presence of the c.232A>G (p.Ser78Gly) variant is significantly linked to worse survival outcomes, while other pathogenic BCS1L variants are more common in patients with later symptom onset.

ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY (2021)

Article Cell Biology

Towards Splicing Therapy for Lysosomal Storage Disorders: Methylxanthines and Luteolin Ameliorate Splicing Defects in Aspartylglucosaminuria and Classic Late Infantile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis

Antje Banning et al.

Summary: Splicing defects caused by mutations in consensus sequences are common in human diseases and often lead to loss of protein function. Modulation of splicing by small molecules may be an effective therapy for genetic diseases.
Review Cell Biology

Modeling Rare Human Disorders in Mice: The Finnish Disease Heritage

Tomas Zarybnicky et al.

Summary: The modification of genes in animal models has significantly improved our understanding of rare diseases in the Finnish population, highlighting the importance of international cooperation in developing human disease modeling strategies. This approach also promotes a broader understanding of molecular pathways in both rare and common diseases.
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Exploiting pyocyanin to treat mitochondrial disease due to respiratory complex III dysfunction

Roberta Peruzzo et al.

Summary: Pyocyanin, a bacterial redox cycler, has been shown to replace the redox functions of complex III in cells from patients with complex III deficiencies, as well as in genetic models of fruit flies and zebrafish. This suggests the potential use of redox cyclers for the treatment of complex III disorders in mitochondrial diseases.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

Article Biology

Identification of a missense variant in SPDL1 associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Ryan S. Dhindsa et al.

Summary: Ryan Dhindsa et al. identified a rare variant in the SPDL1 gene as a risk factor for IPF through an exome-wide association study, suggesting a new mechanism involving mitotic checkpoint signalling in the disease.

COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY (2021)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Detailed profile of cognitive dysfunction in children with aspartylglucosaminuria

Elina Leena Harjunen et al.

JOURNAL OF INHERITED METABOLIC DISEASE (2020)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Fasting reveals largely intact systemic lipid mobilization mechanisms in respiratory chain complex III deficient mice

Nikica Tomasic et al.

BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE (2020)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Structures of AAA protein translocase Bcs1 suggest translocation mechanism of a folded protein

Wai Kwan Tang et al.

NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (2020)

Editorial Material Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

CUGC for lysinuric protein intolerance (LPI)

Diego Martinelli et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS (2020)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The mutational constraint spectrum quantified from variation in 141,456 humans

Konrad J. Karczewski et al.

NATURE (2020)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Phenotypic spectrum associated with a CRADD founder variant underlying frontotemporal predominant pachygyria in the Finnish population

Daniel L. Polla et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS (2019)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Contribution of rare and common variants to intellectual disability in a sub-isolate of Northern Finland

Mitja I. Kurki et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2019)

Article Clinical Neurology

Deoxynucleoside Therapy for Thymidine Kinase 2-Deficient Myopathy

Cristina Dominguez-Gonzalez et al.

ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY (2019)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Inducible Slc7a7 Knockout Mouse Model Recapitulates Lysinuric Protein Intolerance Disease

Susanna Bodoy et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2019)

Article Genetics & Heredity

Clinical spectrum of BCS1L Mitopathies and their underlying structural relationships

Rachael A. Baker et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A (2019)

Article Biochemical Research Methods

VarSome: the human genomic variant search engine

Christos Kopanos et al.

BIOINFORMATICS (2019)

Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Alternative oxidase-mediated respiration prevents lethal mitochondrial cardiomyopathy

Jayasimman Rajendran et al.

EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE (2019)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Loss of CHCHD10-CHCHD2 complexes required for respiration underlies the pathogenicity of a CHCHD10 mutation in ALS

Isabella R. Straub et al.

HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS (2018)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

In vitro and in vivo studies of the ALS-FTLD protein CHCHD10 reveal novel mitochondrial topology and protein interactions

S. R. Burstein et al.

HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS (2018)

Review Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Emptying the stores: lysosomal diseases and therapeutic strategies

Frances M. Platt

NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY (2018)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

ClinVar: improving access to variant interpretations and supporting evidence

Melissa J. Landrum et al.

NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH (2018)

Article Genetics & Heredity

Haplotype Sharing Provides Insights into Fine-Scale Population History and Disease in Finland

Alicia R. Martin et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS (2018)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Amlexanox provides a potential therapy for nonsense mutations in the lysosomal storage disorder Aspartylglucosaminuria

Antje Banning et al.

BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE (2018)

Article Genetics & Heredity

Retrospective natural history of thymidine kinase 2 deficiency

Caterina Garone et al.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS (2018)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Lysosomal storage diseases

Frances M. Platt et al.

NATURE REVIEWS DISEASE PRIMERS (2018)

Editorial Material Clinical Neurology

CHCHD10 mutations and motor neuron disease: the distribution in Finnish patients

Sini Penttila et al.

JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY (2017)

Article Genetics & Heredity

Homozygous null variant in CRADD, encoding an adaptor protein that mediates apoptosis, is associated with lissencephaly

Tamar Harel et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A (2017)

Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Modified Atkins diet induces subacute selective ragged-red-fiber lysis in mitochondrial myopathypatients

Sofia Ahola et al.

EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE (2016)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Enrichment of rare variants in population isolates: single AICDA mutation responsible for hyper-IgM syndrome type 2 in Finland

Luca Trotta et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS (2016)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency presenting with acute liver failure following gastroenteritis

Saikat Santra et al.

MOLECULAR GENETICS AND METABOLISM (2016)

Review Genetics & Heredity

Aspartylglycosaminuria: a review

Maria Arvio et al.

ORPHANET JOURNAL OF RARE DISEASES (2016)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Effect of High-Carbohydrate Diet on Plasma Metabolome in Mice with Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Complex III Deficiency

Jayasimman Rajendran et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2016)

Review Genetics & Heredity

Genetic Basis of Brain Malformations

Elena Parrini et al.

MOLECULAR SYNDROMOLOGY (2016)

Article Clinical Neurology

Late Onset Spinal Motor Neuronopathy Is Caused by Mutation in CHCHD10

Sini Penttila et al.

ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY (2015)

Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Deoxypyrimidine monophosphate bypass therapy for thymidine kinase 2 deficiency

Caterina Garone et al.

EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE (2014)

Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Effective treatment of mitochondrial myopathy by nicotinamide riboside, a vitamin B3

Nahid A. Khan et al.

EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE (2014)

Review Genetics & Heredity

Lysinuric Protein Intolerance: Reviewing Concepts on a Multisystem Disease

Gianfranco Sebastio et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS (2011)

Article Clinical Neurology

Late-onset lower motor neuronopathy A new autosomal dominant disorder

M. Jokela et al.

NEUROLOGY (2011)

Article Pediatrics

Mitochondrial hepatopathies in the newborn period

Vineta Fellman et al.

SEMINARS IN FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE (2011)

Article Clinical Neurology

MYOCLONUS EPILEPSY (UNVERRICHT-LUNDBORG) IN FINLAND

A. Harenko et al.

ACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA (2010)

Article Genetics & Heredity

Progressive encephalopathy with edema, hypsarrhythmia, and optic atrophy (PEHO syndrome)

R. Salonen et al.

CLINICAL GENETICS (2010)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Early initiation of enzyme replacement therapy improves metabolic correction in the brain tissue of aspartylglycosaminuria mice

Ulla Dunder et al.

JOURNAL OF INHERITED METABOLIC DISEASE (2010)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Combined hyperlipidemia in patients with lysinuric protein intolerance

Laura M. Tanner et al.

JOURNAL OF INHERITED METABOLIC DISEASE (2010)

Article Clinical Neurology

Recessive twinkle mutations cause severe epileptic encephalopathy

Tuula Lonnqvist et al.

Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Hepatic energy state is regulated by glucagon receptor signaling in mice

Eric D. Berglund et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION (2009)

Article Clinical Neurology

Thymidine kinase 2 defects can cause multi-tissue mtDNA depletion syndrome

Alexandra Gotz et al.

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Progressive loss of mitochondrial DNA in thymidine kinase 2-deficient mice

Xiaoshan Zhou et al.

HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS (2008)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Nutrient intake in lysinuric protein intolerance

L. M. Tanner et al.

JOURNAL OF INHERITED METABOLIC DISEASE (2007)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Long-term oral lysine supplementation in lysinuric protein intolerance

Laura M. Tanner et al.

METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL (2007)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Hazards associated with pregnancies and deliveries in lysinuric protein intolerance

L Tanner et al.

METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL (2006)

Article Clinical Neurology

POLG mutations associated with Alpers' syndrome and mitochondrial DNA depletion

RK Naviaux et al.

ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY (2004)

Review Genetics & Heredity

Finnish Disease Heritage I: characteristics, causes, background

R Norio

HUMAN GENETICS (2003)

Article Genetics & Heredity

GRACILE syndrome, a lethal metabolic disorder with iron overload, is caused by a point mutation in BCS1L

I Visapää et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS (2002)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Dissecting a population genome for targeted screening of disease mutations

T Pastinen et al.

HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS (2001)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Molecular pathogenesis of a disease: structural consequences of aspartylglucosaminuria mutations

J Saarela et al.

HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS (2001)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase is necessary for the integration of hepatic energy metabolism

P She et al.

MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY (2000)