Chimeric 3D gastruloids - a versatile tool for studies of mammalian peri-gastrulation development

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Human blastoids model blastocyst development and implantation

Harunobu Kagawa et al.

Summary: Human pluripotent stem cells cultured in specific conditions can efficiently form blastoids resembling blastocyst-stage analogues, providing a faithful model for investigating human implantation and development.

NATURE (2022)

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Article Developmental Biology

Spatiotemporal sequence of mesoderm and endoderm lineage segregation during mouse gastrulation

Simone Probst et al.

Summary: Research shows that in mouse embryo development, progenitors of anterior mesoderm and definitive endoderm differentiate specifically in the primitive streak under the control of the Eomes signal. Through genetic experiments and single-cell RNA sequencing, the relationships and differentiation trajectories of these cell types are revealed.

DEVELOPMENT (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Inducible Stem-Cell-Derived Embryos Capture Mouse Morphogenetic Events In Vitro

Gianluca Amadei et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates that replacing XEN cells with ESCs transiently expressing Gata4 enhances the developmental potential of iETX embryos, enabling the study of anterior-posterior patterning and gastrulation in an in vitro system.

DEVELOPMENTAL CELL (2021)

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Review Developmental Biology

Sculpting with stem cells: how models of embryo development take shape

Jesse V. Veenvliet et al.

Summary: During embryogenesis, organisms develop their shape under various constraints imposed by geometry, mechanics, and biochemistry. Understanding the mechanisms that pattern and shape the mammalian embryo is challenging due to the inaccessibility of live embryos for direct observation. Developmental engineering of embryo-like structures from pluripotent stem cells provides a way to study these mechanisms. By modulating the cellular environment, researchers can identify the essential mechanical and biochemical inputs required for embryo patterning and shaping. Further studies on tissue biochemistry, mechanics, and geometry at different scales can provide insights into the mechanochemical feedback loops governing embryo morphogenesis. Additionally, inherent phenotypic variability in stembryos can be leveraged to understand the constraints that ensure reproducible morphogenesis in vivo.

DEVELOPMENT (2021)

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Article Cell & Tissue Engineering

Capturing Cardiogenesis in Gastruloids

Giuliana Rossi et al.

Summary: It has been found that mouse embryonic stem cells can mimic early heart organogenesis steps and support the development of cardiovascular progenitors. This new platform tool can be used to study heart development in detail.

CELL STEM CELL (2021)

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Review Developmental Biology

Understanding axial progenitor biology in vivo and in vitro

Filip J. Wymeersch et al.

Summary: The generation of components of the embryonic body axis occurs in an anterior-to-posterior direction, driven by the production of various cell types from axial progenitors. Recent research focuses on the in vitro production of neuromesodermal progenitors and their potential implications in disease modeling and regenerative medicine.

DEVELOPMENT (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Blastocyst-like structures generated from human pluripotent stem cells

Leqian Yu et al.

Summary: The study developed an effective three-dimensional culture strategy to generate blastocyst-like structures in vitro which resemble human blastocysts. These structures, termed 'human blastoids', are readily accessible, scalable, versatile, and perturbable alternative to blastocysts for studying early human development, understanding early pregnancy loss, and gaining insights into early developmental defects.

NATURE (2021)

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Review Cell Biology

3D gastruloids: a novel frontier in stem cell-based in vitro modeling of mammalian gastrulation

Susanne C. van den Brink et al.

Summary: 3D gastruloids are powerful tools for studying early mammalian development, providing a unique opportunity to study normal and pathological embryogenesis in a high throughput manner. While this model system has great potential for clinical applications, there are current limitations and ethical implications that need to be addressed through further research.

TRENDS IN CELL BIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Construction of a mammalian embryo model from stem cells organized by a morphogen signalling centre

Peng-Fei Xu et al.

Summary: By instructing mouse embryonic stem cell aggregates with an experimentally engineered morphogen signalling centre, embryo-like structures called embryoids are formed, exhibiting characteristics of a neurula-stage mouse embryo with patterning of germ layer derivatives along both the antero-posterior and dorso-ventral axes.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences