期刊
JOURNAL OF HUMAN EVOLUTION
卷 90, 期 -, 页码 120-134出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2015.08.008
关键词
Allometry; Homo erectus; CVT; Residuals; Diploe; Skull; Autapomorphy
资金
- NSF DDIG [0925793]
- Wenner-Gren dissertation grant
- National Geographic Society [8827-10]
- Direct For Social, Behav & Economic Scie
- Division Of Behavioral and Cognitive Sci [0925793] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Directorate For Geosciences
- Division Of Earth Sciences [1561622] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Extremely thick cranial vaults have been noted as a diagnostic characteristic of Homo erectus since the first fossil of the species was identified, but relatively little work has been done on elucidating its etiology or variation across fossils, living humans, or extant non-human primates. Cranial vault thickness (CVT) is not a monolithic trait, and the responsiveness of its layers to environmental stimuli is unknown. We obtained measurements of cranial vault thickness in fossil hominins from the literature and supplemented those data with additional measurements taken on African fossil specimens. Total CVT and the thickness of the cortical and diploe layers individually were compared to measures of CVT in extant species measured from more than 500 CT scans of human and non-human primates. Frontal and parietal CVT in fossil primates was compared to a regression of CVT on cranial capacity calculated for extant species. Even after controlling for cranial capacity, African and Asian H. erectus do not have uniquely high frontal or parietal thickness residuals, either among hominins or extant primates. Extant primates with residual CVT thickness similar to or exceeding H. erectus (depending on the sex and bone analyzed) include Nycticebus coucang, Perodicticus potto, Alouatta caraya, Lophocebus albigena, Galago alleni, Mandrillus sphinx, and Propithecus diadema. However, the especially thick vaults of extant non-human primates that overlap with H. erectus values are composed primarily of cortical bone, while H. erectus and other hominins have diploe-dominated vault bones. Thus, the combination of thick vaults comprised of a thickened diploe layer may be a reliable autapomorphy for members of the genus Homo. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据