Improving source-in-the-middle continuous-variable quantum key distribution using a heralded hybrid linear amplifier

A hybrid linear amplifier is inserted at the output of the source-in-the-middle distribution protocol to overcome the shortcomings of the transmission distance. The modified protocol aims to maintain a high key rate for long-distance transmission under high noise. It has the potential to significantly broaden the application range of the continuous variable quantum key distribution protocol. The effects of amplifier parameters and noise on the modified protocol are analyzed in detail with regard to applying it to a practical system. To make the simulation more realistic, the effect of finite size on the new protocol is taken into account. It will serve as a guideline for the future use of hybrid linear amplifiers. Different parameters can be adjusted to achieve the best performance for key rates of different quantum channels.

Automated summary

The author addresses the shortcomings of transmission distance by inserting a hybrid linear amplifier at the output of the source-in-the-middle distribution protocol. The modified protocol aims to maintain a high key rate for long-distance transmission under high noise, expanding the application range of continuous variable quantum key distribution protocol significantly. The study analyzes the effects of amplifier parameters and noise on the modified protocol in detail for practical system implementation. Consideration of finite size effect enhances the simulation's realism, serving as a guideline for future utilization of hybrid linear amplifiers. Different parameters can be adjusted to optimize key rates for various quantum channels.