Evaluation of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from memory foam mattresses and potential implications for consumer health risk

Chemical emissions from two new memory foam mattresses were evaluated in a simulated consumer use environment over the course of 32 days. Passive 12-and 24-h samples (n = 62) were collected for various VOCs. Airborne concentrations of chemicals associated with the mattresses (2-propanol, acetone, chloromethane, toluene, and EVOC) peaked during the first day after installation and progressively decayed over the course of the following 31 days. Emission rates were derived using a two-phase, double exponential source decay model paired with a one-compartment generalized indoor air quality model; short-and long-term emission half-lives for individual chemicals were on the order of hours (approximately 4 or 12 h) and days (approximately 24 days), respectively. Model-estimated average EVOC concentrations for the 32-day period of the study were approximately 20 and 33 mu g/m3 for Mattress 1 and 2, respectively, while the modeled one-year average concentrations were 2.7 and 4.2 mu g/m3, respectively. First-year trends for both mattresses were qualitatively similar, with the sum of 2-propanol, acetone, chloromethane, and toluene contributing to approximately 81% and 95% of the first year EVOC concentration of Mattress 1 and 2, respectively. The airborne concentrations of individual chemicals and EVOC measured and modeled in this study were well below available health-based benchmarks for individual chemicals and within available indoor air quality recommendations for EVOC, suggesting that it is unlikely that the use of the models of mattresses evaluated in this study would pose a health risk to consumers.

Automated summary

In this study, the chemical emissions from two new memory foam mattresses were evaluated. It was found that the airborne concentrations of chemicals associated with the mattresses peaked on the first day and gradually decreased over the following 31 days. The study suggests that the use of these mattresses is unlikely to pose a health risk to consumers.