Study on Na2V0.67Mn0.33Ti(PO4)(3) electrodes with ultralow voltage hysteresis for high performance sodium-ion batteries

The Na superionic conductor (NASICON) is one of the promising electrode materials used in advanced Na-based secondary batteries, but designing a low-overpotential structure is crucial for developing NASICON-type electrodes to repress voltage hysteresis and reduce energy loss. In this study, the integration of Mn3+ into a NASICON-type material (Na2VTi(PO4)3) decreases the voltage hysteresis of the redox couples due to the enlarged migration pathway for mobile Na+ ions. When using Na2V0.67Mn0.33Ti(PO4)(3) as cathode material, two Na+ ions can be extracted from the structure, leading to the specific capacity of 110 mAh g(-1) at the current density of 0.1 ?. In operando synchrotron radiation diffraction elucidates that there is a combination of mono-and biphasic mechanisms for reversible Na+ insertion/extraction within initial two cycles. Moreover, fast sodium diffusion in the NMVTP electrode has been measured and analysed via first-principles calculation and real-time impedance spectroscopy. The results of this work indicate that Na2V0.67Mn0.33Ti(PO4)(3) is a promising material for sodium ion batteries.

Automated summary

The integration of Mn3+ into a NASICON-type material decreases the voltage hysteresis of the redox couples, leading to a higher specific capacity of the battery. The experiments also demonstrate the high potential of this material for sodium ion batteries.