Women cancers in India: Incidence, trends and their clinical extent from the National Cancer Registry Programme

Background: To provide a comprehensive assessment of women cancer in India utilizing the systematically collected data on all cancers by the National Cancer Registry Programme (NCRP).Methods: The study examined 10,2287 cancer cases among women cancers providing cancer burden for major anatomical sites. Aggregated data of 28 PBCRs and 58 HBCRs under NCRP for 2012-16 was analysed for inci-dence rates, trends, cumulative risk of developing cancer, stage at detection and treatments offered.Results: Study results have found region -wide variation of women cancers by indicating highest proportions in western followed by southern region of India. North-Eastern region had lowest proportion. It was observed that breast is highest ranking cancer in most registry areas of urban agglomerations of country while cancer cervix was leading site in registries of rural areas like Barshi (15.3) and Osmanabad &Beed (13.1). States of Mizoram (23.2) and Tripura (9.5) along with Pasighat, Cachar and Nagaland. Median age of occurrence for women for these anatomical sites ranged from 45 to 60 years of age. For cancer breast, cervix and ovary -most cases were detected with regional spread. These findings were different for cancer corpus uteri where registries have re-ported higher proportions (49.3 %) of localized stage at detection. Loco regional cancers had higher proportions of multimodality treatments.Conclusion: Study provides a foundation for assessing the status of women cancers in the country. Variations between geographies would guide appropriate support for action to strengthen efforts to improve cancer pre-vention and control in underserved areas of the country. This would facilitate advocacy for better investments and research on women cancers.

Automated summary

This study provides a comprehensive assessment of women cancer in India using data from the National Cancer Registry Programme. The results show regional variations in women cancers, with breast cancer being the most common in urban areas and cervical cancer being particularly prevalent in rural areas. The findings of this study can guide efforts to improve cancer prevention and control for women in underserved areas of India.