Potential applications of Botryococcus terribilis: A review

Botryococcus terribilis is a peculiar species that directs a higher portion of the consumed CO2 to metabolite biosynthesis. It results in a low growth rate associated with high oil productivity - compared to other species. In addition to its oils (mainly composed of lipids and hydrocarbons), this microalgae is also a promising source of proteins, carbohydrates, and pigments. The biosynthesis of these products depends on the cultivation conditions. Moreover, the extraction method applied has a direct influence on the quality of the products and their possible applications. Botryococcus terribilis metabolites can be used as fertilizers, biomaterials, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food supply, and in a range of biofuels (biodiesel, bioethanol, and biogas). However, biorefinery with this microalgae still needs to overcome economic and technical hurdles to reach a competitive market value. This work analyzed the evolution of the studies with the Botryococcus terribilis, approaching it main metabolites and relating it to the cultivation conditions, extraction methods, and the final products that can be obtained. For the first time, the studies with Botryococcus terribilis were summarized, creating a guide for further research on this microalgae by presenting the recommended conditions for its cultivation and extraction, its possible applications, the information missing in the literature, and the prospects for scale-up.

Automated summary

The article summarizes the research on Botryococcus terribilis, including its main metabolites, cultivation conditions, extraction methods, and potential applications. The study found that Botryococcus terribilis has high oil productivity and various possible uses, but its biorefinery still faces economic and technical challenges.