期刊
ANNUAL REVIEW OF GENETICS
卷 56, 期 -, 页码 229-252出版社
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-072920-035840
关键词
APOBEC; cytidine deaminase; cytidine deamination; mutation; mutation signature; cancer
资金
- National Cancer Institute [R01CA218112]
- National Institutes of Health [T32GM008336]
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences
The occurrence and development of cancer are closely related to mutations, and dysregulated activity of APOBECs can lead to mutations. The study of mutation signatures helps us understand the patterns and processes of mutations. In humans, APOBEC-generated genetic heterogeneity plays an important role in cancer development, metastasis, and resistance to therapy.
The initiation, progression, and relapse of cancers often result from mutations occurring within somatic cells. Consequently, processes that elevate mutation rates accelerate carcinogenesis and hinder the development of long-lasting therapeutics. Recent sequencing of human cancer genomes has identified patterns of mutations, termed mutation signatures, many of which correspond to specific environmentally induced and endogenous mutation processes. Some of the most frequently observed mutation signatures are caused by dysregulated activity of APOBECs, which deaminate cytidines in single-stranded DNA at specific sequence motifs causing C-to-T and C-to-G substitutions. In humans, APOBEC-generated genetic heterogeneity in tumor cells contributes to carcinogenesis, metastasis, and resistance to therapeutics. Here, we review the current understanding of APOBECs' role in cancer mutagenesis and impact on disease and the biological processes that influence APOBEC mutagenic capacity.
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