The association of pure fruit juice, sugar-sweetened beverages and fruit consumption with asthma prevalence in adolescents growing up from 11 to 20 years: The PIAMA birth cohort study

Pure fruit juice is comparable to sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) with respect to its sugar and fructose content. However, it also contains favorable components like polyphenols. From this perspective, pure fruit juice is more comparable with whole fruit. SSBs have been associated with higher asthma risk, while whole fruit consumption has been associated with lower prevalence of asthma (symptoms). Associations with pure fruit juice have been rarely studied. Therefore, we studied the associations of consumption of pure fruit juice, SSBs and whole fruit with asthma prevalence in 3046 children of the Dutch Prevention and Incidence of Asthma and Mite Allergy (PIAMA) birth cohort growing up from 11 to 20 years. Consumption of pure fruit juice, SSBs and fruit was selfreported at the ages of 11, 14, 17 and 20 years. Presence of asthma was defined based on parental reports of asthma diagnosis ever, and wheezing and asthma medication in the last 12 months. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated using generalized linear mixed models accounting for correlation between repeated measurements within subjects. No associations were found between pure fruit juice, SSBs and fruit consumption and the overall prevalence of asthma from 11 to 20 years. An earlier reported association of low pure fruit juice consumption with higher asthma prevalence at the age of 11 years in the PIAMA population was confirmed, but no associations were found at the ages of 14, 17 and 20 years.

Automated summary

Pure fruit juice is similar to sugar-sweetened beverages in terms of sugar and fructose content, but it also contains beneficial components like polyphenols. Previous studies have shown that sugar-sweetened beverages are associated with higher asthma risk, while whole fruit consumption is associated with lower prevalence of asthma. However, there is limited research on the associations of pure fruit juice with asthma. This study investigated the associations of pure fruit juice, sugar-sweetened beverages, and whole fruit consumption with asthma prevalence in children aged 11 to 20 years.