期刊
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION
卷 326, 期 6, 页码 352-362出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.22692
关键词
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资金
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [4498]
- Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin
- NSF [EAR-1258878]
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [4498]
- Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin
- NSF [EAR-1258878]
- Directorate For Geosciences
- Division Of Earth Sciences [1561622] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Diffusible iodine-based contrast-enhanced computed tomography presents a comparatively new tool kit for imaging fine-scale three-dimensional phenotypes that is rapidly becoming standard anatomical practice. However, relatively few studies have attempted to look at subtle differences in staining protocols or attempted to model tissue reactions to gain insight into staining mechanisms. Here, two iodine-based contrast agents, iodine-ethanol (I2E) and iodine-potassium iodide (I2KI) in neutral buffered formalin, were applied to avian cephalic specimens to investigate their effectiveness. We found that the two solutions had markedly different results for staining of mineralized skeletal tissues (i.e., bone). Other tissues, including muscles, epithelia, and common connective tissues (e.g., lamina propria) were assessed individually and show minor differences in the sorption of iodine. Numerical simulations suggest that different results from I2E and I2KI-formaldehyde staining are due to different partition coefficients and retardation factors of tissues, fixation effects, as well as distinct iodine diffusion and sorption patterns. We found a clear positive relationship between glycogen concentration and grayscale values measured within muscle, epithelia, nervous tissues, and glands. We also found the use of ethanol for tissue fixation and following I2E staining outperforms I2KI-formaldehyde by providing higher efficiency for acquiring greater contrast both between different soft tissues and between mineralized and nonmineralized tissues. (C) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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